MATERIAL FOR STUDY. 21 
night in warm places where there is a plentiful supply 
of household food. A sugar-refinery often furnishes 
an abundant supply of these insects. They may be 
kept alive as in the case of grasshoppers. With a few 
obvious changes in the directions and questions, the 
cockroach may be substituted for the grasshopper in 
studying Chapter III. 
Butterflies and Moths. Although adult forms of 
these insects are not abundant in cold weather, their 
eggs, cocoons, and chrysalids are easily obtained. In 
late winter or early spring pupils should collect speci- 
mens of the large mourning-cloak butterfly (Vanessa 
Fic. 30,—Mourning-cloak Butterfly (Vanessa antiopa). 
antiopa), which shows the wear due to its winter sleep, 
and is ready to produce eggs for the summer brood. 
The eggs may be reared, the larve feeding on leaves 
of willow or birch. On apple- and cherry-trees may 
be found the eggs of the tent-caterpillar moth. These 
eggs are glued to the stem in a mass. The large 
grayish-brown cocoons of the Cecropfia moth are often 
found on pear-trees or other fruit-trees. Eggs, cocoons, 
and chrysalids should be brought to the schoolroom 
and placed under such conditions that hatching and 
growth may be watched. 
