BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 55 
part of the animals themselves. The name was given 
because the process resembled somewhat the process 
by which bird-fanciers obtain different varieties of 
pigeons by ‘‘selecting’’ birds with peculiar markings 
for breeding purposes, or by which gardeners obtain 
new varieties of flowers by continually ‘‘ selecting ’’ 
the few having desirable peculiarities and obtaining 
seeds from these for the production of more and more 
desirable plants. In natural selection there is no bird- 
fancier and no gardener. On this account the process 
Fic, 56¢.—Moth at Rest. Fic. 564.—Butterfly at Rest. 
has been spoken of as the ‘survival of the fittest’’. 
In this case the ‘‘ fittest ’’ is the individual best adapted 
to his surroundings and best protected in every way. 
In these days the student of animals or plants is con- 
stantly on the watch for new illustrations of adaptation 
to surroundings on the part of living organisms. 
Questions. 1. How do moths differ from butterflies 
in structure and in habits ? 
2. What are the differences between complete and 
incomplete metamorphosis ? 
3. How much can a butterfly see ? 
4. How much can a caterpillar see ? 
5. Do either caterpillar or butterfly have a sense of 
smell? of hearing ? 
6. What are some enemies of butterflies ? 
