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terata. 
ANIMAL ACTIVITIES. 
For our purpose it seems best to regard the 
Porifera as a separate sub-kingdom. 
Questions. 
the canals in a sponge? 
1. What force propels the water through 
2. Write the functions of the sponge in columns as 
we have previously written the functions of other 
animals. 
3. In what respects does the sponge resemble the 
Paramecium ? 
4. How does a sponge differ from an Amoeba ? 
5. Where are sponges found ? 
6. Why are sponges called animals rather than 
plants ? 
Topics for Reports. 
covery of the Microscope. 
Sponge-fisheries. 
Chalk. Tripolite. 
The Dis- 
How to use a Microscope. 
VOCABULARY. 
Animal’cule (Lat. dim. of ani- 
mal, from anima, breath), a 
very small animal. 
As simila’tion (Lat. ad, to, and 
similis, like), the process of 
making digested food into living 
tissue. : 
Calca’reous (Lat. ca/x, lime), 
made of carbonate of calcium. 
Cell (Lat. ced/a, a small room), a 
bit of living protoplasm contain- 
ing a nucleus. 
Cil'ia (Lat. pl. of cium, a hair), 
hair-like bodies capable of rapid 
movement. 
Ec’to derm (Gr. ekfos, outside, and 
derma, skin), the outer layer of 
cells in a sponge. 
Ec’to sarc (Gr. ektos, and sarx, 
flesh), the outer film surround- 
ing one of the Protozoa. 
En’doderm (Gr. endon, within, 
and derma), the inner layer of 
cells in a sponge, the layer 
which forms the lining of the 
digestive channels. 
Fis’sion (Lat. fissus, a cleft), the 
process of reproducing by cell- 
division. 
Fo ram i nif’e ra (Lat. foramen, a 
hole, and fevo, to carry), Proto- 
zoa having shells punctured with 
many small holes. 
In fu so’ria (Lat. pl. of infusori- 
um, an infusion), Protozoa mov- 
ing by means of cilia. 
Ker’atose (Gr. #eras, a horn), 
horn-like. 
Mes'‘oderm (Gr. mesos, middle, 
and derma), the part between 
ectoderm and endoderm. 
Nu’cle us (Lat. dim. of zx, nut), 
a denser bit of protoplasm in a 
cell. 
Os’cu lum (Lat. dim. of os, mouth), 
a minute pore or mouth. 
Pseudo po'dium (Gr. psendoi, 
false, and fous, foot), a project- 
ing portion of an Amceba’s cell, 
a false foot. 
Pro’to plasm (Gr. profes, first, and 
plasma, form), the substance of 
