BIRDS 207 
I. The Running Birds (Struthii). The legs are long and 
the wings small. The keel of the sternum is lacking. 
There are two or three toes. Ostrich, emu, kiwi. 
II. The Scratching Birds (Rasores). They have three 
toes in front, and a fourth a little higher, behind. Grouse, 
pheasant, common hen. 
Fic. 164.—A Bird’s Leg. 
III. Swimming Birds (Natatores). The legs are short, 
and there is a web between the front toes. Penguin, duck, 
gulls, etc. 
IV. Wading Birds (Grallatores). The tarsus is long and 
partly naked. The neck is also long and often the bill. 
Great blue heron, snipe, etc. 
V. Birds of Prey (Raptores). These birds have stout 
curved beaks, strong feet with sharp claws, and large wings. 
Hawk, eagle, owl, etc. 
