208 ANIMAL ACTIVITIES, 
VI. The Pigeons (Columbine). These birds resemble 
the rasores but have weaker legs, pointed wings, and a fleshy 
membrane at the base of the beak. Pigeon, 
VII. Climbing Birds (Scansores). Two toes are directed 
forward and two backward, fitting the feet for climbing. 
In parrots the beak is also used for climbing. Parrots, 
woodpeckers, 
_ VIII. Perching Birds (Passeres). ‘There are three toes 
pointing forward and one pointing backward, all on a level. 
Here belong almost all our common song birds. 
Fic. 165.—A, foot of a pelican; &, foot of a perching bird; C, foot of 
a kingfisher. 
Questions. What are some common birds of very 
rapid flight ? 
What special adaptations of structure to habit among 
birds can you enumerate ? 
Why do birds migrate ? 
What birds should be exterminated ? 
What birds should be protected ? 
Do birds reason ? 
What evidences of intelligence have you observed 
among birds ? 
Topics for Reports. A List of Birds I Know. A 
List of Birds I have Seen in Winter. Order in which 
