ABDOMINAL VISCERA. 39 



pace. If necessary, gently run some water among the 

 viscera to replace the abundant lymph normally pres- 

 ent and float the organs into their normal positions ; 

 if the lungs are collapsed inflate them moderately, by 

 means of a blow-pipe inserted into the glottis ; then 

 sketch the parts as they lie. 



85. The following points may be observed before 

 disturbing the viscera : 



a. Anterior to the heart, and disappearing to its 

 dorsal side, part of the trachea is seen. Note, 

 that when the neck is retracted it makes a loop 

 to the left, which is straightened out when the 

 neck is extended. 



b. The heart, with its transversely elongated ven- 

 tricle, and right ?ixyd, left auricles; these, together, 

 almost conceal the venous sinus, which, how- 

 ever, projects slightly beyond the outer anterior 

 corner of each auricle. Springing from the 

 base of the ventricle are several large arteries. 



c. On each side of the heart the right and left 

 liver lobes, with the gall-bladder appearing from 

 beneath the posterior border of the right lobe. 



d. Partly covered by the left lobe of the liver, 

 but seen beyond its edge, is the U-shaped stom- 

 ach, ending in the pylorus just behind the 

 heart. 



e. The duodenum, starting at the pyloric end of 

 the stomach, passes to the right, and then 

 dips away to the dorsal surface. Farther 

 back are seen some coils of the other portions 

 of the intestine, especially on the right side of 

 the abdominal cavity. 



