78 SAEMENTOS^:. 



in. long or less, rigidly coriaceous, cuneale and entire below the middle, 

 above bearing 2 or 3 opposite pairs of coarse spinescent serrate teeth, 

 the broad truncate apex with or without a similar tooth: umbels pedun- 

 cled or subsessile: fl. purplish or even blue: fr. large, elongated, with 3 

 prominent horns and as many alternating crests. — Higher mountains of 

 Marin and Sonoma counties. 



12. C. Jepsonii. Low bush rigidly erect and intricately branching, 

 2 — 4 ft. high, the branches and branchlets short and very stout, divari- 

 cate, puberulent when young: leaves % in. long, hard-coriaceous, oblong, 

 obtuse, or even truncate at both ends, the whole margin coarsely and 

 salienlly spinose-loolhed: &■ in short-peduncled simple clusters at the 

 ends of all the branchlets, large, dark blue, varying to white: fr. large, 

 prominently 3-horned. — Open hills in Marin County, near San 

 Geronimo, and northward. Confused with the preceding by Parry. 



Order xxx. SARMENTOS/E. 



A small family, important as containing the Grape. 



1. VITIS, Varro (Grape). Shrubs with watery juice, climbing by 

 ' branching tendrils opposite the leaves. Flowers small, greenish, num- 

 erous, in thyrsiform clusters opposite the leaves. Calyx minute, cup-like, 

 with or without traces of 4 or 5 teeth. Petals 4 or 5, united at apex, and 

 falling off like a calyptra. Stamens as many as the petals and opposite 

 them, on a perigynous disk or elevation of the torus; filaments slender; 

 anthers introrse. Pistil with a short style or none; stigma slightly 2- 

 lobed. Fruit baccate, 1 — 4 seeded. Seeds bony, rather large, grooved 

 on. one side; embryo small in a hard albumen. 



1. V. Californica, Benth. Stem often 1 — 2 in. thick below, climbing 

 trees to the height of 20—50 ft. : leaves 3 in. long, nearly as broad, round- 

 cordate with deep and narrow sinus, obtuse, rather coarsely serrate, 

 sometimes 3-lobed, canescently tomentose beneath, and when young 

 more or less so on both faces: fr. 4 lines thick, in large clusters, purple, 

 glaucous: seeds broad. — Along streams back from the seaboard. 



2. V. venifera, £i., the wine grape, native of the Old World, has 

 escaped from cultivation, and will be occasionally seen in a wild state. 



Order XXXI. TITHYMALOIDE/E. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees, often with milky acrid juice, the leaves simple, 

 stipulate. Flowers axillary or terminal, bracted, imperfect, monoecious 

 or dioecious, in all ours apetalous. Stamens 1— x. Pistil 1; ovary 

 superior, 1— 3-celled. Fruit a 1— 3-ceJled capsule with as many lobes as 



