UMBELLIFEKvE. 153 



triternately dissected into almost filiform segments: rays of umbel very 

 unequal: fr. J^ line long, somewhat broader, the 5 primary ribs occasion- 

 ally supplemented by 4 less prominent intervening ones. — Common on 

 bushy hills-. April — June. 



12. CARUM, Turner. Glabrous erect rather slender herbs, our species 

 perennial, with tuberous or fusiform or coarse-fibrous usually fascicled 

 roots, pinnately ternate leaves with few linear leaflets, and involucrate 

 umbels of white flowers. Calyx-teeth small. Fruit ovate to linear- 

 oblong; pericarp thin, with obtuse often filiform ribs; oil-tubes solitary 

 in the intervals. 



1. C. Kellojrgii, Gray. Stems several, 3 — 6 ft. high, from a strong 

 tuft of coarse hard fibrous roots: lower leaves ternate, the pinnate divisions 

 with linear segments 1 — 3 in. long or more: involucre and involucels 

 prominent, somewhat scarious: calyx-teeth subulate, conspicuous: fr. 

 oblong, 1% — 2J^ lines long; stylopodium prominent, styles as long: 

 seed sulcate beneath the large oil-tubes. — On open plains and hillsides. 



2. C. Gairdneri (T. & G.), Gray. Stem solitary, 1—4 ft. high, from 

 a. fascicle of fusiform tuberous roots: leaves mostly simply pinnate, with 

 3 — 7 linear or almost filiform leaflets 2 — 6 in. long, the lowest rarely 

 themselves pinnately divided, the uppermost cauline usually simple: 

 involucre of few bracts or 0: involucels of linear-acuminate bractlets: 

 fr. ovate, J^ — 1 line long, with long styles: seed terete. — Dry hills. 



13. PIMPINELLA, Brunfels. Perennials with decompound foliage 

 and nearly naked umbels. Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovate, laterally 

 compressed but with broad commissure; carpels 5-angled, with distant 

 usually slender ribs, and several oil-tubes in the intervals. Seed some- 

 what flattened dorsally, with plane or slightly convex face. 



1. P. apiodora, Gray. Stontish, erect, glabrous, 2 — 3 ft. high, sweet- 

 scented: leaves mostly radical, 2— 3-ternate: leaflets cuneate-ovate, 

 laoiniately pinnatifid and toothed, 1 in. long: umbels long-peduncled, 

 6 — 15-rayed; rays 1 — 2 in. long, hispidulous-puberulent: fl. white or 

 pinkish: fr. broadly ovate (not known in its mature state), X% lines 

 long: oil- tubes 4—6 in the intervals, 8 or more on the face. — Hills of 

 Marin Co., near Sausalito. 



14. F(ENICULUM, Pliny (Fennel). Perennial, erect and tall, with 

 dark green striate stem, and equally dark sweet-scented and -flavored 

 leaves dissected into countless linear-setaceous leaflets. Flowers yellow, 

 in umbels destitute of bracts and bractlets. Calyx with turgid border 

 and no teeth. Fruit oblong; carpels 5-ribbed; oil tubes solitary in the 

 intervals, 2 on the face. 



1. F. vulgare, Gerarde. Cultivated from ancient times, and formerly 

 in high repute as a medicinal and culinary herb; naturalized in many 



