ASTEEACE^!. 181 



few teeth; those of the flowering branches more bract-like and fewer: 

 heads X% in. broad including the not very narrow light-violet rays. — On 

 hills and cliffs along the seaboard. 



2. E. Philadelphicus, L. Hirsute, 1—3 ft. high from a perennial 

 root: radical leaves obovate or spatulate, the scattered cauline ones 

 oblong or oblong-lanceolate, with broad clasping base, all irregularly 

 toothed: heads less than 1 in. broad, in an ample loose terminal cymose- 

 corymb: rays very many and extremely narrow; flesh-color to bright 

 pink.— Along streamlets and the borders of boggy places. 



* * Perennials; stems simple, brittle, equably leafy up to the corymb; 



leaves narrow, entire: involucral brads unequal and more or 



less imbricated; outer pappus of few short bristles. 



■i— Heads with bluish rays. 



3. E. foliosus, Nutt. Scabrous, more or less strigose-pubescent, 

 1 — 1)4. ft- high: leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 1—2 in. long, those of the 

 branches reduced: hemispherical heads y% in. broad; rays about 30; 

 achenes with a few coarse bristly short hairs. — Dry hills of Sonoma and 

 Contra Costa counties, and southward. June — Sept. 



-i— H— Rays wanting; involucre much imbricated. 



4. E. angnstatus, Greene. Stems tufted, 2 ft. high, rigid and brittle; 

 herbage glabrous except a few short incurved hairs on the margins and 

 midvein of the leaves, and a somewhat granular minute indument on the 

 much imbricated turbinate involucres: leaves narrowly spatulate-linear, 

 entire: corymbose panicle ample.- bracts of the involucre with reddish 

 tips: corollas of a deep golden yellow: achenes setose-hirsute. — Dry 

 hills on either side of Napa Valley. July — Oct. 



5. E. Biolettii. Size of the preceding: whole plant scabrous-puber- 

 ulent: leaves oblanceolate, obtuse, with sparsely but rigidly hispid-ciliaie 

 margins: corymb with branches less divergent: achenes appressed- 

 pubescent. — On Hood's Peak, Bioletti, and Howell Mountain, Jepson. 



6. E. petrophilus, Greene. Half the size of the last, more leafy, 

 the whole plant except the somewhat glandular heads canescently hirsute; 

 the corymb less ample; bracts of involucre not as numerous.— Rocky 

 summits of the inner Coast Range, from Mt. St. Helena to Mt. Hamilton; 

 above Wild Cat Creek near Berkeley. July — Oct. 



* * * Annuals, with thyrsoid-paniculale inflorescence. 



7. E. Canadensis, L. Sparsely hispid or nearly glabrous; stem 

 stout, erect, 1 — 6 ft. high, with countless small subcylindric heads in a 

 rather dense panicle: lowest leaves spatulate, upper linear: heads only 

 2 lines high: rays white, very short. — A common weed in cultivated 

 lands, or by waysides. 



