190 COMPOSITE, 



* Annuals S — 6 feel high. 



1. H. animus, L. Robust, hispid or scabrous: stem often 1 in. thick 

 at base, mottled or spotted with purple: leaves ovate, acute or acuminate, 

 more or less regularly serrate, 4 — 10 in. long, petiolate: involucral bracts 

 broadly ovate to oblong, aristiform-acuminate: dark-purple disk 1 in. or 

 more in diameter: rays often 2 in. long. — Plains of the San Joaquin, but 

 probably introduced from the Eocky Mountain region. July — Oct. 



2. H. Bolanderi, Gray. Not as stout, a yard high, scabrous-hispid: 

 leaves ovate to oblong-lanceolate, entire or coarsely serrate, 2 — 5 in. 

 long: disk 1 in. wide or less, brownish-yellow; rays about 1 in. long: 

 chaff of receptacle subulate-aristiform, equalling the disk-flowers. — Sono- 

 ma Co., and northward and eastward. 



3. H. exilis, Gray. More slender, seldom a yard in height: leaves 

 lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, sparingly denticulate, tapering into a 

 slender petiole: cusp of the chaff a slender awn surpassing the disk-floivers. 

 — Lower Sacramento plains; thence northward. 



* * Perennial from a tuberiform root,6 — 10 feet high. 



4 H. Californicns, DO. Stem very leafy throughout: leaves lan- 

 ceolate, entire or serrate, 6 — 12 in. long, short-petioled : heads about % 

 in. high in a terminal corymbose panicle: involucral bracts linear-subu- 

 late, often somewhat hirsute: rays over an in. long: disk-corollas 

 canescently puberulent toward the base: achenes glabrous; palese of 

 the pappus broadly lanceolate. — Plentiful along streams, and borders 

 of marshes. Aug. — Nov. 



5. H. Douglasii, Torr. & Gray. Stems branching, hispidulous; upper 

 rhomboid-oblong to spatulate-lanceolate, tapering into winged petioles, 

 obtuse, entire 1 — 2 in. long: heads % in. high: involucral bracts mostly 

 foliaceous, hispidulous; outer narrowly oblong, obtuse, reflexed or spread- 

 ing, longer than the disk; innermost shorter, erect, acute or acuminate: 

 rays % in. long; chaff entire. — Obscure and long lost species, collected 

 by Douglas near Santa Clara sixty years since. 



35. HELIANTHELLA, Torr. & Q-ray. Low subacaulescent peren- 

 nials, with habit of some eastern Helianthi; differing from that genus in 

 the more compressed and thin-edged achenes, which, in our species, 

 have no pappus. 



1. H. Californica, Gray. Minutely hirsute-pubescent, slender, 2 ft. 

 high, sometimes branching: all save the radical leaves opposite, all 

 tapering into petioles and of spatulate-lanceolate outline: heads folia- 

 ceous-bracted, the disk 3 4 in. wide: rays % in. long: achenes black, 

 obovate-oblong, smooth and glabrous, obcordate at summit, narrowly 

 margined. — Common at considerable elevations among the Coast Range 

 hills of Marin, Napa and Contra Costa counties. May — Aug. 



