MADIAOE*. 193 



3. M. dissililiora (Nutt.), Torr. & Gray. Slender, loosely branching, 

 2 ft. high, viscid: heads scattered, broad-ovate, Ji in. high: cup of 

 receptacle ovoid but not closed: achenes thin; but none angular. — Borders 

 of thickets and along mountain roads; not in open plains or cultivated 

 lands. May — July. 



4. M. anomala, Greene. Lower and stouter than the last, otherwise 

 of the same aspect: chaff of receptacle not joined into a cup: achenes of 

 ray 3 — 5, of disk 3 only, none either compressed or angled, somewhat 

 gibbously obovate. — Mountain districts from Marin Co. northward; 

 perhaps rare. 



5. M. exigua (8m.), Greene. Slender, 1 ft. high more or less, hirsute, 

 glandular above, paniculately branched, the small heads on long filiform 

 naked peduncles: leaves linear: involucral bracts 5 — 8, lunate, almost 

 destitute of free tips, hispid- glandular: cup of receptacle prismatic and 

 very narrow, enclosing a single straight obliquely obovate achene; ray- 

 achenes obovate-lunate, pointed by a small disk. — Open woods and 

 glades, in the higher hills. June— Aug. 



* * Rays ample and showy; annuals (except n. 6). 



6. M. madioides (Nutt). Perennial, slender, 2 ft. high: leaves oppo- 

 site, linear-lanceolate, remotely serrate: heads loosely panicled, 4 lines 

 high, slender-peduncled: bracts of involucre 8 — 12, with short tips: rays 

 % in. long: cup of receptacle deeply cleft, enclosing many sterile flowers, 

 these with a pappus of small palese. — Borders of redwood forests, and 

 elsewhere in damp shades of the coast mountains. July — Oct. 



7. M. radial a, Kell. Stout, 2—3 ft. high: leaves broadly lanceolate, 

 denticulate, hirsute and viscid: bracts of involucre 10 — 20, with short 

 tips: rays light yellow, % in. long, obtusely 3-toothed: disk-flowers very 

 numerous, all but the central ones fertile, their achenes somewhat clavate 

 and 4-angled, without pappus; ray-achenes narrowly obovate-falcate, flat, 

 tipped with a minute reflexed beak. — Plains of the lower San Joaquin. 



8. M. elegans (DO.), Don. Clothed with long hirsute and shorter 

 gland-tipped spreading hairs : stem stout, 3 — 6 ft. high, simple up to the 

 ample corymbose panicle: leaves at base of stem alternate, crowded, 

 narrowly linear, 6—10 in. long, acute, entire, the midvein beneath very 

 prominent: bracts of involucre with slender linear tips: rays 12—15, 

 1 in. long, 3-iobed at apex, yellow throughout or dark red at base: disk- 

 flowers sterile, without rudiments of pappus: achenes obliquely obovate- 

 cuneate, beakless, black.— Valleys of the Coast Bange. July— Oct. 



9. M. hispida, Greene. Clothed with long almost hispid hairs, and 

 a short little more than scabrous indument, a few gland-tipped hairs of 

 intermediate length interspersed: stem 1—2 ft. high: lowest leaves 



