CYNAROCEPHAL«. 217 



spinose tip and no glandular spot: flowers dull white: anther tips acute. 

 — Along streamlets and in springy places about Crystal Springa, San 

 Mateo Co. ; a very peculiar species. July. 



* * Only the outer involucral bracts sguarrose; terminal spine in all erect. 

 ■i-Heads not conspicuously long-peduncled. 



2. C. rcmot ifoliiiK, Hook. Loosely arachnoid when young, glabrate 

 in age, 3 — 5 ft. high; leaves from sinuately to deeply pinnatifid: heads 

 on long rather slender peduncles, Y% in. high, ovate; bracts rather loose 

 and thin, linear-lanceolate, the outer narrowed to a small weak prickle, 

 the middle ones more or less cartilaginous and lacerate as well as some- 

 what dilated toward the tip; the inner linear-subulate with narrow fim- 

 brillate scarious margin: corollas ochroleucous, the limb only a third as 

 long as the throat. — Marin Co. 



3. C. crassicaulis, Greene. Very stout and tall, 4— 7 ft. high: stem 

 strongly striate, simple to near the summit, there becoming rather close- 

 paniculate, with 3 — 7 short-peduncled heads 1% — 2 in. high: herbage 

 permanently hoary-lanate : leaves small, pinnately parted, the segments 

 spine-tipped and the whole margin spinulose-ciliate : involucral bracts 

 rather loose, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-acuminate, all tipped with a 

 slender spine, the outer and middle ones with pectinate-spinescenl margins: 

 segments of the whitish or pinkish corolla about as long as the throat. — 

 Abundant in moist grassy bottoms of the lower San Joaquin. 



4. C. amplifolius, Greene. Somewhat fleshy, green and glabrous 

 except a sparse arachnoid tomentum on the lower face of the leaves: 

 stem stout, 3 — 4 ft. high: leaves very broad and ample, conspicuously 

 decurrent, the ample lobes crowded and overlapping each other, trifid and 

 spinose-ciliate : heads short-peduncled and clustered, X%. in. high, leafy - 

 bracted at base; the outer bracts loosely spreading and arachnoid, the 

 inner more appressed and glabrous, their spinose tips often reflexed: 

 corollas of a rich bright purple, their linear obtuse lobes much shorter 

 than the throat. — On stream banks back of Point San Pedro. 



5. C. eduliS (Nutt.), Greene. Eobust, 3—6 ft. high, pubescent, 

 leafy up to the short panicle: leaves oblong or narrower, sinuate-pianaiifid, 

 weakly prickly: heads 1% in. high, depressed-globose, leafy -bracted at 

 base: involucre arachnoid when young: corollas deep but dull purple; 

 segments shorter than the throat. — Along streams in the Oakland Hills, 

 etc. June, July. 



-t— -i— Heads solitary on stout peduncles. 



6. C. Californicus (Gray), Greene. Bather slender, 2—4 ft. high, 

 canescently woolly: leaves sinuate-pinnatifid, moderately prickly, heads 

 middle-sized, the lower brads coriaceous-acerose, spreading and incurved, 



