218 



COMPOSITE. 



the others straight, all subulate-spinescent at the tip : corollas lilac- 

 purplish or reddish, lobes shorter than the throat. — Mt. Diablo and 

 southward. June, July. 



7. C. venustus, Greene. Stoutish, 3 ft. high, the foliage permanently 

 arachnoid-tomentose: heads large (2 in. high), terminating long and 

 almost naked peduneuliform branches: involucre glabrate, the many 

 subcoriaceous bracts with closely appressed base, and long lanceolate- 

 subulate abruptly shorl-spinescenl tips: corollas bright crimson, the 

 segments longer than the throat: pappus-bristles barbellate above the 

 plumose part, the tips scarcely dilated.— Foothills of the Mt. Diablo 

 Bange. May, June. 



8. C. occidentalis, Nutt. Stout, 2 — 3 ft. high; peduncles stout, 

 rather short: leaves deeply pinnatifid, glabrate above, canescently 

 tomentose beneath: involucre subglobose; bracts straight, subulate-lanceo- 

 late, with short spines, the whole mass densely festooned with remarkably 

 distinct cobwebby hairs: corollas red-purple: anthers distinctly bisetose 

 and lacerate at base: pappus somewhat scanty. — Sandy hills along the 

 seaboard only. May — Aug. 



* * * Involucral bracts appressed, the slender spine at their tips more 

 or less abruptly spreading. 



9. C. hydrophilus, Greene. Rather slender, freely branching above, 

 3 — 5 ft. high; when young pale with a fine thin arachnoid pubescence, 

 in maturity green and glabrate: leaves not large, deeply cut into uniform 

 3-lobed segments: heads 1 in. high, somewhat clustered at the ends of 

 the branches; involucre ovate, the appressed-imbricate bracts with a 

 green and glutinous ridge toward the summit, and ending in a short 

 slender somewhat spreading spine. — Brackish marshes about Suisun 

 Bay. July — Sept. 



10. C. quercetorum (Gray), Greene. Sparingly villous-arachnoid 

 when young, soon glabrate: stem stout, 1 ft. high or less, with few 

 rather large heads : leaves mostly peliolate, the larger 1 ft. long, pinnately 

 parted, the oblong divisions often 3— 5-cleft, prickly: involucral bracts 

 coriaceous, closely imbricated in numereous ranks, the outer with short 

 prickles, the inner obscurely scarious at tip : corollas either dull-purple 

 or white: anther-tips narrow, very acute. — Open grassy summits and 

 higher slopes of hills on both sides of the Bay. June, July. 



11. C. lanceolattjs, L. More or less villous or hirsute, seldom 

 cottony; 2 — 4 ft. high, stem and branches interruptedly winged by the 

 decurrent leaves, both leaves and wings prickly: heads nearly 2 in. high, 

 arachnoid-woolly at first, the bracts lanceolate, attenuate into slender 

 and rigid prickle-pointed spreading tips: fl. rose-purple. — A most trouble- 

 some Old World weed, already abundant on this coast far northward, 

 only lately beginning to be seen occasionally in our district. 



