duced. 
The surface soil of the Cecil loai, to an average depth 
of ten inches consists of heavy red loam or clay loam, The 
subsoil consists of light red clay loam or clay, which usual- 
ly prades heavier in texture with increasing depth., but in 
places if. begins to grow lighter at a depth of thirty inches, 
and grades gradually into a mass of disintegrated ruck, Both 
soil and Sub-SOil often contain a uarge percentage of stones 
end boulders. Where not too numerous, the boulders have becn 
removed and used in the constructionuf fences about tne fielas 
Surface drainage is so rapid in most places where this soii 
is found that washing often occurs on cultivated land. The b& 
subsoil is so retentive of moisture, however, that the type 
seldom suffers from drouth. The least stony areas are weil 
suited to the prowing of apples, and where well drainea, cfrer 
eood oppertunities for the profitable development of the in- 
dustry. 
"he red appearance of many of the soils of Western Hary- 
land is due to the presence of a large amount of iron. 
The mean annual temperature in Western Maryland, as 
established by records extending over aperiod of thirty seven 
yearsis 51.5 derrees. Through the period of observation, the 
(20-) 
