8 



curvature of the abomasum and to the duodenum as far as to the point of 

 entrance of the bile duct, PL III, 26. 



The foramen epiploicum is described in connection with the pancreas. 



The stomach occupies approximately three fourths of the abdominal cavity. 

 It fills all of the left half of the cavity, exclusive of the small space occupied 

 by the spleen, and projects considerably to the right of the median plane. The 

 stomach of nmiinants consists of four clearly defined compartments or divisions , 

 viz., the rumen (paunch), the reticulum (honeycomb), the omasum (mani- 

 fold or manyplies) and the abomasum (rennet or reed). Pis. IV, V, VI, VII. 



In the adult animal the rumen is by far the largest of the four compart- 

 ments. It occupies nearly all of the left half of the abdominal cavity; 

 its middle and ventral portions project somewhat to the right of the median 

 plane. The rumen extends from opposite the ventral half or third of the 

 eighth intercostal space to the edge of the pubis or within a short distance 

 of it. The parietal or left face of the rumen is related to the diaphragm, 

 the spleen and the left abdominal parietes, Pis. V and VI. The visceral or 

 right face of the rumen is related to the omasum, abomasum, large intestine, 

 liver, pancreas, aorta and vena cava, PI. IV. 



The dorsal surface is in contact with the diaphragm and sublumbar 

 muscles. Dorso-medially the rumen is closely attached to the left crus of 

 the diaphragm and to the sublumbar muscles as far caudal as to the fourth 

 lumbar vertebra. Normally it has no other attachments to the abdominal 

 parietes than those just mentioned. The ventral face of the rumen is in 

 contact with the abomasum and the floor of the abdomen. Pis. IV, V, VI. 

 The cephalic end of the rumen is in immediate contact with the reticulum, 

 Pis. VII and VIII. The parietal and visceral surfaces of the rumen are 

 marked by longitudinal grooves, one on either face, which indicate the partial 

 subdivision of this compartment into dorsal and ventral sacs. At either end 

 of the rumen the two longitudinal grooves become continuous with each 

 other and are here much deeper than elsewhere. The caudal or pelvic 

 extremities of the dorsal and ventral sacs of the rumen are marked off from 

 the remainder of it by the dorsal and ventral coronary grooves. From the 

 relations of the rumen to the left abdominal wall it is very evident that 

 palpation and auscultation of this organ, the introduction of a trocar or 

 the operation of rumenotomy are readily accomplished. The visceral or 

 right face of the rumen can be palpated per rectum only, PI. IV. 



The reticulum is the most cephalic and the smallest of the four divisions 

 of the stomach. It extends from opposite the sixth rib to the cephalic edge 

 of the eighth rib , PI . VI I . The median plane of the body divides the reticulum 



