The Question at Issue 79 
extending reason to the lower animals, so we must extend 
a system of moral government by rewards and punish- 
ments no less surely ; and if we admit that to some con- 
siderable extent man is man, and master of his fate, we 
should admit also that all organic forms which are saved 
at all have been in proportionate degree masters of their 
fate too, and have worked out, not only their own salvation, 
but their salvation according, in no small measure, to their 
own goodwill and pleasure, at times with a light heart, 
and at times in fear and trembling. I do not say that 
Erasmus Darwin and Lamarck saw all the foregoing as 
clearly as it is easy to see it now; what I have said, 
however, is only the natural development of their system. 
