292 Luck, or Cunning ? 
sided, irrelative variations not produced by directly trans- 
forming agents.” Mr. Darwin throughout the body of the 
“Origin of Species” is not supposed to know what his 
variations are or are not produced by ; if they come, they 
come, and if they do not come, they do not come. True, 
we have seen that in the last paragraph of the book all this 
was changed, and the variations were ascribed to the con- 
ditions of existence, and to use and disuse, but a con- 
cluding paragraph cannot be allowed to override a whole 
book throughout which the variations have been kept to 
hand as accidental. Mr. Romanes is perfectly correct when 
he says* that ‘‘ natural selection” (meaning the Charles- 
Darwinian natural selection) “ trusts to the chapter of 
accidents in the matter of variation ;’’ this is all that Mr. 
Darwin can tell us; whether they come from directly 
transforming agents or no he neither knows nor says. 
Those who accept Lamarck will know that the agencies 
are not, as a rule, directly transforming, but the followers 
of Mr. Darwin cannot. 
“But showing themselves,” continues Professor Ray 
Lankester, ‘‘ at each new act of reproduction, as part 
of the phenomena of heredity such minute ‘sports’ or 
‘ variations’ are due to constitutional disturbance ” (No 
doubt. The difference, however, between Mr. Darwin and 
Lamarck consists in the fact that Lamarck believes he 
knows what it is that so disturbs the constitution as 
generally to induce variation, whereas Mr. Darwin says he 
does not know), ‘‘ and appear not in individuals subjected to 
new conditions’ (What organism can pass through life 
without being subjected to more or less new conditions ? 
What life is ever the exact fac-simile of another? Andina . 
matter of such extreme delicacy as the: adjustment of : 
psychical and physical relations, who can say how small a 
disturbance of established equilibrium may not involve 
how great a rearrangement ?), ‘‘ but in the offspring of all, 
* “Nature,” Aug. 6, 1886. 
