SOUTHERN YELLOW-THROAT 257 



Nesting Site. — On the ground, at the base of a bush or bunch of 

 weeds, often in a clump of weeds or tussock of grass, sometimes in 

 bushes or briery tangles as high as five feet from the ground. 



Nest. — The nest is bulky and loosely made. Externally it is com- 

 posed of coarse grasses, leaves, grapevine bark, weed-shreds, etc., 

 internally, of fine grasses and, sometimes, horse-hairs. 



Eggs. — 4 or s, usually 4. Ground color a clear glossy white, 

 marked with specks, spots, blotches and in some cases irregular hair- 

 like lines of reddish brown, dark umber and purplish black, the latter 

 appearing in heavy blotches of color; some specimens are very spar- 

 ingly marked, others more profusely, the markings being mostly con- 

 fined to the large end in form of a wreath more or less well defined, 

 only in a few examples do the markings occur over rest of egg. Size ; 

 average, .71X.54; extremes, .76X.56, .oox.50. (Figs. 107-109.) 



Nesting Dates. — West Chester, Pa., May 26-June 10 (Jackson) ; 

 Waynesburg, Pa., May 18- June 2 (Jacobs) ; New York City, May 25- 

 June 15 (F. M. C.) ; New Haven, Conn., May 28-June 18 (Bishop) ; 

 Cambridge, Mass., full sets, first laying, May 25-June 5 (Brewster) ; 

 Lancaster, N. H., June 3-21 (Spaulding) ; Bangor, Me., May 28-June 

 12 (Knight) ; Listowel, Ont, June 9-22 (Kells) ; Oberlin, O., May 5- 

 June 20 (Jones) ; Milton Tp., Du Page Co., Ills., May 25 (Gault). 



Biographical References 

 C. S. Phillips, The Maryland Yellow-throat (in Mass.), Young Oologist, 

 I, 1884, 156. (2) E. P. Bicknell, A Study of the Singing of our Birds, Auk, 

 I, 1884, 215. (3) J. P. N[orris], A Series of Eggs of the Maryland Yellow- 

 throat, Orn. and Ool., XVI, 1891, 150. 



Southern Yellow-throat 



GEOTHLYPIS TRICHAS TRICHAS (Linn.) 



Subspecffic Characters. — Similar to Geothlypis t. brachidactyla but with 

 longer tarsus, tail, and bill; wing more rounded, outer primary shorter than 

 sixth from it; adult 6* with yellow below of a deeper shade and greater extent; 

 flanks darker, richer brown; upperparts browner, particularly the hindhead; 

 facial mask wider, its grayish margin usually broader. Adult 2 darker above, 

 throat and upper breast yellower, flanks browner than in 2 of brachidactyla. 

 Ad. 6*, wing, 2.25; tail, 2.32; tarsus, .84; bill, .50. 



General Distribution. — Southeastern United States and Gulf coast 

 to Texas. 



