270 HOODED WARBLER 



yellow underparts (the throat often blackish), yellow cheeks, absence of white 

 wing-bars, and largely white outer tail-feathers. Length (skin), 4.00; wing, 

 2.50; tail, 2.20; bill, .40. 



Adult <?, Spring. — Forehead and cheeks bright yellow, crown and nape 

 shining black spreading laterally and connected with the black throat, rest of 

 upperparts olive-green; two outer tail-feathers largely white on inner web, 

 third to fourth feathers with a variable amount of white; no wing bars; black 

 of upper breast sharply defined from yellow of the rest of underparts, flanks 

 slightly greenish; bill black. 



Adult <$, Fall. — Similar to adult <? in Spring, but bill brownish. 



Young d 1 , Fall. — Similar to adult <? in Fall, but black of throat, and, to a 

 lesser degree of nape, narrowly tipped with yellowish, chin yellower. 



Adult $, Spring. — Similar to the 6* but duller, the yellow of crown and 

 cheeks more or less washed or obscured with dusky; the black 'hood' usually 

 but partly developed on the crown and nape, indicated by a narrow line border- 

 ing the auriculars, and a blackish wash on the throat or upper breast. In nine 

 out of thirty specimens the black is entirely wanting, in one it is nearly as well- 

 developed as in a young S in the Fall, in two it is well-developed only on 

 the crown and nape, while the remaining eighteen specimens are variously 

 intermediate. 



Adult S, Fall. — Not distinguishable from adult $ in Spring. 



Young 2, Fall. — Appears to have less black than the adult ?, and it is 

 possible that the development of the 'hood' in the female is dependent upon age. 



Nestling. — Above yellowish brown, breast paler, the belly pale straw yellow ; 

 wing-coverts edged with brownish. 



General Distribution. — Eastern United States; north to Massa- 

 chusetts and Wisconsin; west nearly to the Plains. 



Summer Range. — With the exception of Texas and Florida, this 

 species breeds throughout its range in the United States. It is an 

 abundant breeder in the eastern portion of the lower Mississippi 

 Valley; less common west of the river to eastern Kansas (Leaven- 

 worth), southeastern Nebraska (Nemaha River), north to southern 

 Wisconsin (Milwaukee), central Michigan, southern Ontario (Port 

 Rowan, Hamilton, Cataraqui), central New York (Oneida, Cayuga, 

 and Wayne Counties). Casual in Massachusetts (Brookline, June 25, 

 1879; Provincetown, June 25, 1888; Taunton, May 8, 1888; Framing- 

 ham, October 15, 1893), an d Rhode Island (Kingston). In migration 

 it is common in northern Florida, rare in the southern part, and occurs 

 in eastern Texas to San Antonio and Waco. Accidental in southern 

 Minnesota (Heron Lake, May 16, 1889), northeastern New York 

 (Lewis County, September 9, 1878), and southern Maine (Falmouth, 

 September 9, 1904). 



Winter Range. — Mexico to Panama. 



