208 ON THE ANATOMY OF ECHINOCOCCUS VETERINORUM 



and its length was about half an ell : the weight however was four 

 pounds. I was obliged to divide it into two portions in order to be 

 able to get it into a large jar (3 inches, glass) with spirit. When I 

 pricked one of the vesicles with a needle, the water spurted out, as out 

 of a fountain. I observed, however, that the distended vesicles con- 

 tained nothing beyond a mere lymph and possessed no special internal 

 vesicle. In separating the one portion of the liver I could not avoid 

 damaging some of the vesicles contained in its interior. Out of these 

 tolerably hard leathery external vesicles, fell bluish, callous (kallose), 

 internal vesicles, which were still closed. In their substance indeed 

 they were somewhat softer than the outer vesicle ; but still far' more 

 cartilaginous than the vesicles of the globular, many-headed bladder- 

 worms. On opening these there were found internally in different 

 places a grayish granular matter like the smallest fish roe, which was 

 united to a very delicate mucous membrane, [which] in water however 

 immediately disappeared, so that the granules swam about by them- 

 selves. In a vesicle as large as a dove's egg there were thousands, 

 so small that they could hardly be distinguished by the naked eye. 

 Under No. 4. Tub. A of my microscope I could already perceive the 

 organization of these corpuscles. Their form varied greatly ; some- 

 times heart-shaped with an indent above and a dark line ; sometimes 

 pitcher-shaped, with two round knobs above, at each side one ; some- 

 times like a horse-shoe with a short dark middle line ; sometimes like 

 a rounded handle, with an indent above and with two knobs laterally, 

 and anteriorly rounded off with a dark circlet. When I used No. i. 

 Tub. A, I saw clearly that they were true tape-worms. The body flat 

 with dark dots ; anteriorly four suckers, and on the obtusely rounded 

 proboscis, the double circlet of excessively small hooks ; behind how- 

 ever, in each there was a small excavated indentation like an anus. The 

 others were contracted in quite peculiar forms, and the dark median 

 streak was the hook circlet. Under the compressor, the four suckers, 

 the circlet of hooks and the points become much clearer. In these 

 worms I have observed a circumstance which I have perceived in no 

 other kind of bladder-worm ; namely that on pressure the delicate 

 hooks are detached and float about freely. 



" This kind of bladder-worm is distinguished then from that inhabit- 

 ing the brain of staggering sheep by the following circumstances : — 



" I. That the vesicles with the granular matter or with many thou- 

 sand infinitely small worms, are covered by a strong leathery external 

 vesicle in which they lie free. 



" 2. That their roe-like material swims about in the inner vesicle 

 in a clear lymph, and the single worms are only united together by 



