ON THE ANATOMY OF THE ECHINOCOCCUS VETERINORUM 209 



a delicate mucous membrane, but are not as in those, essentially 

 adherent to the bladder, and not even to their [own] membrane. 



" 3- That each of these granules or worms is several hundred times 

 smaller than one of the white corpuscles or worms in the central 

 bladder of the staggering sheep. 



" This is then the same, but now explained pha^nomenon, which the 

 acute Pallas has already observed ; but has left without elucidation. 



" In the ' Stralsund Magazine,' i. St. p. 81, he has already directed 

 the attention of observers to these points : 



Whoso will consider the above description of the true bladder- 

 worm will not perhaps with M. de Hsen deny to worms all partici- 

 pation in the origin of watery tumours and of Hydatids, at least it 

 seems to me very probable that the unattached (unangewachsene) 

 watery bladders seen by many observers in the human body— most 

 frequently in abnormal cavities in the liver— are caused by a worm 

 similar to, if not identical with, our bladder-worm, I say from a worm 

 probably resembling our bladder-worm ; for we find in the liver and 

 lungs of Oxen and Sheep another wonderful kind of watery bladder, 

 which seems to arise from nothing but some kind of animal germ ; 

 but however is widely different from our bladder-worm, and cannot 

 have arisen from it.' " 



Pallas, after describing some of the Hydatids, goes on to say : 



" The water-bladder itself consists of a white, hardish, quite homo- 

 geneous membrane, which becomes thinner towards the caudal 

 extremity ; wherever it is lacerated it folds back, and may be best 

 compared with a section (as thin as paper) of a boiled cartilage of a 

 young animal. Within this external strong membrane is lined by a 

 delicate structure or membrane, which is very easily separated from 

 it, and is beset with a great number of small, white, commonly round, 

 or oval, corpuscles. The corpuscles consist, as the microscope shows, 

 of longish globules united together, whose substance appears to be 

 dotted." 



Subsequently (p. 261) Goeze quotes from the ' Nordische Beytrage,' 

 !. St. p. 83, thus : 



" It is probable that the unattached hydatids which are at times 

 observed in the human body (are), either of the same kind as the 

 proper bladder tape- worm, or are the same as those singular watery 

 bladders, which I have observed and described in the liver and lungs 

 of diseased Calves and Sheep, and which are most certainly also to be 

 ascribed to a living creature, and are not indistinctly organized (at 

 least if we consider the inner membrane strewed over with granular 

 globules). 



VOL. I p 



