2IO ON THE ANATOMY OF THE ECHINOCOCCUS VETERINORUM 



" On reading through Leake's treatise upon the ' Staggers in the 

 Sheep,' p. 85, it seems very probable to me that the bladders in the 

 brain are more similar to those which I have described in the lung 

 and liver in Sheep and Calves, than to the bladder worm which Ty- 

 son and Hartman have described before me (our globular one) ; nay, 

 perhaps, that they even constitute one genus with the former. The 

 small worm provided with a circlet of hooks and four suckers, in these 

 vesicles — might be a development of the globules observed by me. 



" I have at present no opportunity of examining these vesicles in 

 the fresh state. Perhaps on applying a stronger magnifying power 

 the granules might exhibit more organisation." 



Consequently, Pallas did not at that time know what to make out 

 of the granules of these vesicles. The peculiar organization of these 

 he did not himself see, as I have now discovered, described and 

 figured it. To whom then belongs the first and true discovery of 

 the nature of the granules in the internal membranes of the singular 

 Hydatids of the livers and lungs of Calves and Sheep ? 



But I wish that I could throw more light upon and explain the 

 mode of origin of these vesicles, and upon the oeconomy of the many 

 thousand single worms socially united in a single bladder. Do they 

 grow .' do they disperse themselves .-' does each build its own dwell- 

 ing .' or where do they remain ? shall our successors learn nothing on 

 these matters .' 



Goeze's figures are very good. 



The commonly received view of the relation between the cysts and 

 their Echinococci appears to have been first advanced by Delle Chiaje 

 in his Elmintografia Umana, p. 30.^ 



" The said worms, oval, narrowed at the two extremities and en- 

 larged in the middle, are scattered irregularly over the interior of the 

 vesicle. The extremity of the head is garnished with a crown of hooks 

 deprived of suckers. In proportion as they enlarge, these little micro- 

 scopical bodies take on, little by little, a spherical form, the hooks 

 become detached, and new Echinococci are produced in such little 

 bodies, which have transformed themselves into Hydatids. The new 

 worms are the children (figliuolini) of the primitive Hydatid, which 

 was a similar microscopic body. They have a proper vitality, different 

 from that of the vesicle which contains them." 



Miiller, ' Jahresbericht,' 1836, describes the Echinococcus-cysts 

 and their contents found in the urine of a young man labouring under 

 renal disease. 



' Coinpendio di Elmintografia Umana. Napoli, 1825. Compilato da Stephano Delle 

 Chiaje. 



