AS KNOWLEDGE, DISCIPLINE, AND POWER 313 



As has been already shown, the whole process of palaeontological 

 restoration depends — First, on the validity of a law of the invariable 

 coincidence of certain organic peculiarities established by induction ; 

 Secondly, on the accuracy of the logical process of deduction from 

 this law. Professor Owen's determination of the nature of the famous 

 Stonesfield mammal is a striking illustration of this. A small jaw of 

 a peculiar shape was found, containing a great number of teeth, some 

 of which were imbedded by double fangs in the jaw. 



Xow these laws have been inductively established — 



(«) That only mammals have teeth imbedded in a double 

 socket. 



{b) That only marsupials have teeth in so great a number, 

 imbedded in so peculiarly formed a jaw. 



By deduction from these laws to the case in question, the legiti- 

 mate conclusion was arrived at, that the jaw belonged to a marsupial 

 mammal. 



The naturalist then, who faithfully follows his calling leaves no 

 side of his intellect untrained ; but, after all, intellect, however 

 gigantic, confers but half the qualifications required by one who 

 desires to follow science with success, and he who gains only know- 

 ledge from her, gains but little. The moral faculties of courage, 

 patience, and self-denial, are of as much value in science as in life ; 

 the origin of an erroneous doctrine lies as often in the heart as in 

 the head ; and the basis of the character of a great philosopher will 

 commonly be found, on close analysis, to be earnest truthfulness — 

 and no imaginary gift of genius. It is character and not talent which 

 is the essential element of success in science. But as the muscle of 

 the smith grows stronger by reason of its constant use in hammering, 

 so it seems impossible to doubt that the training of the moral faculty, 

 necessarily undergone by the philosopher, must react upon the man. 

 There are, indeed, lamentable examples of men who seem to have 

 one moral faculty for science, and another for their daily affairs : but 

 such instances are hardly found in the highest ranks of philosophy ; 

 and when they occur, the daily poison may be traced spreading 

 higher and. higher, and sooner or later falling like a Nemesis upon 

 the scientific faculty. 



Let those who doubt the efficacy of science as moral discipline 

 make the experiment of trying to come to a comprehension of the 

 meanest worm or weed, of its structure, its habits, its relation to the 

 great scheme of nature. It will be a most exceptional case, if the 

 mere endeavour to give a correct outline of its form, or to describe its 

 appearance with accuracy, do not call into exercise far more patience, 



