290 



FISHES OF ILLINOIS 



These fishes, though bearing a great general resemblance to H. 

 aspro, are easily distinguished from it by their much smaller mouth 

 and united gill-membranes*, and by the combination of minor color- 

 marks above mentioned. 



Our specimens have the preopercle smoothf, as in H. aspro. 



Described from 2 specimens taken by T. L Hankinson from the 

 "Embarras River at Charleston, 111., in 1904. This species was de- 

 scribed in 1883 from Bean Blossom creek, Monroe county, Ind., and 

 has since been taken in various localities from northern Indiana to 

 Arkansas. 



Genus COTTOGASTER Putnam . 



Body rather robust, not much compressed; mouth moderate or 

 small; forms intermediate between Hadropterns and Boleosoma, having 

 the premaxillaries typically protractile, or sometimes (in C. shumardi) 

 connected with the skin of the forehead by a narrow frenum; teeth on 

 vomer; middle line of belly naked, or with' caducous scales; vertebrae 

 (C. copelandi) 38 (18 + 20) ; pyloric caeca 3 ; coloration not brilliant. Dart- 

 ers of moderate size, not over 3 inches in length; species few; one known 

 from Illinois. 



Fig. 70 



COTTOGASTER SHUMARDI (Girard) 



Girard, 1850, Pi-oc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 100 (Hadropterus). 



J. & G., 498 (Imostoma); M. V., 126 (Etheostoma) ; B., I, 92 (Boleosoma); J. & E , 

 I, 1046; J., 39 (Imostoma); F., 66; L., 27. 



Length 2h to 3 inches; body stout, little compressed except posteri- 

 orly; depth S.2 to 6.9 in length; greatest width of body usually more 



*See note on H. aspro. 



t" Preopercle finely serrated" (Jordan and Evermann, key to Hadropterus) , "pre- 

 opercle serrulate, at least in voung specimens" (Jordan, Bull. U S Fish Comm 

 1888, p. 165). 



