HOW 
83 TO WORK 
rows of early celery; lettuce with early cabbage; 
radishes with beets or carrots; corn with squash, 
pumpkins or beans, and horse-radish with early 
onions or cauliflower. 
Irrigation for arid soils and drainage for wet 
or clayey soils, are the two opposite methods 
which bring astounding results. Any sort of 
drainage is better than no drainage, but the 
best form so far discovered is the tile drain laid 
about two and a half to four feet below the 
surface. This carries away the surplus water 
and prevents the roots of the crops being suffo- 
cated. On the other hand, irrigation supplies 
to the dry lands the moisture they need. The 
tremendous irrigation works carried on by the 
Government in the sandy, hitherto barren, 
reaches of the west, are bringing results even 
more tremendous than the works. 
Hard, wet soil will not grow crops and here 
is where the advantage of draining comes in. 
Drainage deepens the subsoil and removes the 
water; it deepens the surface also and makes 
more of the plant food in the soil available. 
Wet soil is sticky and hard for the seeds to push 
their way through; but drainage will improve 
its texture and make it crumble and fall apart 
easily, or as the experts say, it will make it 
“friable.”’ At the same time it will prevent it 
