COLE 
127 CROPS 
by frost. In the South and Middle South, kale 
seed is sown in the late summer and the young 
plants allowed to stand in the field unprotected 
all winter, but this cannot be done in the North. 
There the young plants need cold-frame pro- 
tection. For this reason there is little winter- 
grown kale in the North, and the extensive supply 
that comes from Virginia from January until 
late spring makes it unprofitable to force it 
for early spring in the North. 
There is a form of kale called collards, which 
is much grown in the South, especially where 
the climate is too hot for successful cabbage- 
growing. The seed is sown very early in the 
spring in protected seed-beds, so that the 
crop may get its growth before the hot weather 
sets in. It is much like cabbage, and sometimes 
young cabbage plants are raised for greens, and 
are called collards. Kale is subject to the same 
enemies as cabbage (which see), and requires the 
same sort of cultivation. 
v 
BRUSSELS SPROUTS. 
Brussels sprouts are closer kin to kale than 
to cabbage, although not exactly like either. 
All cole crops have similar needs in soil, food and 
tillage, so what holds for one may be taken as 
true for all, except that kale and Brussels 
