$^>;-;-,, 



Fig. 14, Obliteratively-shaded bird-shaped 

 model against plain background. (Defective 

 photograph, retouched. The model might 

 show even less, in reality. Ct. Figs. 4-.i.) 









' >■ 



v^\M>^'^'^^^-^ 



Fig. 15. Bird-shaped solid iiiodt-l, 

 obliteratively-shaded in full, and 

 i-on-eclly lighted, but revealed by its 

 blank silhouette against a spotted 

 Vjackground. 



Photograph. 



■w* 



Ym. K), Bird-shaped, oblitera- 

 tively-shaded model, as in Fig. lo, 

 but concealed by the addition of 

 spots like tho.'^c of its background. 

 Phototfi-apD. 



Fig. 17. Spotted, obliteratively-.shadcd 

 bird-model, as in Fig, 3(>, but wroiijily 

 lighted. This picture shows the (h'jicnti- 

 f'lice of the part played by pattern in the 

 obliteration of leopards, zebras, etc. 

 Without counter-shading, these animals 

 would look conspicuously solid, despite 

 their patterns. 



