DISSECTION OP THE HEAD AND NECK. 167 



The submaxillary gland is to be preserved without disturbance until 

 it can be exposed in its entirety. The guttural pouch will be described 

 to more advantage at a later stage. 



The External Carotid Artery (Plate 28). Only the termination of 

 that vessel is here seen. It is one of the terminal branches of the 

 common carotid, which divides above the cricoid cartilage, under cover 

 of the submaxillary gland. The first part of the artery — at present con- 

 cealed — rests on the guttural pouch, and is covered by the stylo-max- 

 illaris, digastricus, and stylo-hyoid muscles. As now seen, it appears 

 between the last of these muscles and the hinder edge of the great 

 comu J and crossing obliquely upwards and forwards on the surface of 

 that bone, it terminates by dividing into the superficial temporal and 

 internal maxillary arteries. The vessel detaches three collateral 

 branches, viz., the submaxillary, maxillo- muscular, and posterior auricu- 

 lar arteries, of which the first is concealed by the digastricus and stylo- 

 hyoid muscles. 



The Maxillo-Mdscular Artery. This branch is given off at the 

 upper edge of the stylo-maxillaris muscle, immediately after the parent 

 trunk emerges between the stylo-hyoid muscle and the great comu. It 

 forms with the continuation of the main trunk a very obtuse angle. 

 Passing forwards and downwards, it divides into an outer and an inner 

 branch, which embrace between them the edge of the vertical ramus. 

 The outer branch appears on the face at the anterior edge of the parotid 

 gland, and enters the masseter muscle. The inner branch passes to the 

 internal pterygoid muscle. 



The Posterior Auricular Artery. This vessel has its origin a little 

 beyond the preceding, but from the opposite side of the carotid. Its 

 distribution to the ear is given at page 163. 



The SupERFiCLiL Temporal Artery (Plate 28). Originating by the 

 division of the external carotid on the great comu, this artery, after a 

 very short course below and behind the condyle of the lower jaw, 

 divides into the transverse facial and anterior auricular arteries. 



The Transverse Facial Artery tums round the ramus below the 

 condyle, and will be followed in the dissection of the face. 



The Anterior Auriculae Artery ascends to the front of the ear, on 

 the capsular ligament of the temporo-maxillary joint. Its distribution 

 is given at page 162. 



The Internal Maxillary Artery. This, much the larger terminal 

 branch of the external carotid, passes within the condyle of the lower 

 jaw, where it will subsequently be followed. 



Ybins.— The jugular vein is formed within the substance of the 

 parotid gland, close behind the articulation of the jaw, and superficial 

 to the termination of the external carotid, a few lobules of the gland 

 separating the artery and vein. The vessels which unite to form it are 



