308 ADAPTATION AND PROGRESS 
approval and disapproval, — says the religious sense, —to me who worship 
him. ... 
The divine person is, in the religious life, very much the same sort of a 
postulate that the social fellow is in the ethical life, and that the world of 
external and personal relationships is in the intellectual life. 
Third. The intelligence is baffled both by the limitations of its own growth 
and by the very “ projective” and “ prospective” nature of the movement upon 
which the religious sense rests... . 
Fourth. The essential mysticism of the religious consciousness lives to the 
last. 
Our author concludes his discussion as follows: ‘‘ The place of 
religion in social development is, in view of its dependence upon 
the growth of self at all its stages, that of emotion of the social 
sort. It becomes most important in its alliance with the ethical 
life in the higher reaches of human development.” ? 
Thus out of the activities, the conflicts and the relationships of 
life evolves in the child and in the race, by the dialectic of personal 
growth, reverence for ideal personality. 
Professor Baldwin’s analysis of the dialectic of personal growth 
issuing in reverence for personality is most suggestive and helpful, 
but there are other processes of idealization issuing in so-called 
religion which his analysis does not cover. He lays stress on the 
esprit de corps* to be found in certain groups and on the social 
instincts that give rise to the social self but he has not analyzed 
the expansion of self-consciousness to include a group so satis- 
factorily as has McDougall for example. The truth seems to be 
that whereas empirical self-consciousness is clarified and intensi- 
fied by conflict with nature and with other individuals, social 
self-consciousness, i. e., self-feeling that includes a group, de- 
velops through co-operation with other selves united by common 
interests and by conflicts with other groups. 
In proportion as esprit de corps is developed and enthusiastic 
effort put forth for the success of the group; in proportion as the 
members have faith in the organization or institution and in the 
ideal for which it exists; in proportion as they love and serve it, 
sometimes being willing even to die for it, a phenomenon results 
that has some warrant to be called “ social religion.” This was 
1 Social and Ethical Interpretations, p. 355 (italics in text). 
2 [bid., p. 357- 3 [bid., pp. 232, 407 f. 
