HOOKS. 9 
soon as the pages containing their original patterns were 
published—1885, I think. It was really, however, a new 
principle, rather than a new pattern, that was wanted; and I 
only discovered what I was in search of after a wearisome 
succession of ‘modified successes,’ and an accumulation of 
abortive ‘notions,’ taking form in all unimaginable shapes of 
twisted and contorted steel. However, at last I did discover 
it, and having committed the folly of ‘publishing’ my old turn- 
down eyed hook before getting it protected, I took the new 
one straight away to the Patent Office, and subsequently put 
the model into the hands of Messrs. Wm. Bartleet & Sons, of 
Abbey Mills, Redditch, who soon turned out a sufficient quan- 
tity to try practical conclusions with, the results of practice 
fully bearing out the deductions of theory. 
The principle embodied in the new hooks is, in effect, the 
bending of the shank-end first up and then down, into some- 
thing like two sides, so to speak, of a triangle, of which one 
side is formed by the hook-eye, and the other by the turned-up 
NEW PATENT SALMON HOOK WITH UP-TURN SHANK 
AND TURN-DOWN EYE, 
end of the extremity of the hook-shank (see cut). The effect 
of this is 40 bring the line exactly into a plane with the hook- 
shank, whilst at the same time retaining all the advantages, in 
neatness and facility of attachment, &c., of the original turn- 
down eye, together with the full natural gape of the hook bena-—- 
and no more. 
The new patent I have only hitherto had applied to my 
own special bends of hooks—the ‘Pennell-Limerick’ and 
‘Pennell-Sneck’ bends (see illustrations) ; but it is, of course, 
