430 SALMON AND TROUT. 
names or so include all our streams which have any right 
really to be considered as properly grayling waters; and these, 
with hardly an exception, belong to the southern and western 
portions of the island. 
Some years ago the attempt to introduce grayling into the 
upper part of the Thames was made by Mr. Warburton, who 
turned in a considerable number of store-fish, but they never 
became acclimatised, and at last practically disappeared. The 
case is, no doubt, accurately stated by Mr. Blaine, when he 
says, ‘ Grayling require other peculiarities of location besides 
those of temperature, such as, for instance, the general character 
of the water they inhabit, and certain circumstances in the nature 
of its composition derived from its sources.’ 
It is probably owing to the absence of some of these requi- 
sites that the breeding of the fish in several rivers in which they 
have been attempted to be naturalised has not been attended 
with success. In some they soon disappeared ; in others they 
remained, but never thrived ; while in some waters, though they 
lived and at first increased, yet they were afterwards observed 
to shift their quarters to different grounds, in most’ of which 
cases it proved, as in the Test of Hampshire, that they 
emigrated from above downwards, probably in search of deeper 
and more tranquil waters. For the grayling-fisher cannot fail 
to observe that this species does not, like the trout, affect very 
rapid shallows and the coldest torrents ; on the contrary it 
seems to thrive best where milder currents alternate with deep 
and extensive pools. On the rapids, however—or ‘stickles,’ 
as they are termed—small grayling may frequently be found, 
but the large fish rarely, except in the spawning season. 
The haunts of large grayling are the deepish and slow run- 
ning tails of streams or pools, a few yards before the formation 
of fresh shallows ; and here they will be found a¢ al/ éimes, except 
when spawning. 
It will thus be seen that grayling are fastidious, not to say 
capricious, in their choice of habitats ; yet it has been proved 
by experiment that they will thrive even in ponds the conditions 
