SALMON AND TROUT CULTURE. 443 
heavy losses. The process of hatching and rearing young 
S. Salar is precisely the same as in the case of non-migratory 
varieties, only we keep these latter nearer honie as it were, and 
consequently can protect them more effectually. 
The proof of the great value of salmon and trout waters is 
the eagerness with which anything like a ‘good stretch’ is 
taken up. To say nothing of the rental per annum of 500 
yards of salmon river which recoups itself to a great extent by 
the sale of fish for the market, a very large sum is ungrudgingly 
paid for a decent piece of trout-fishing, or a rod on Club 
waters. 
Many of our streams and ponds are capable, with judicious 
management, of holding far more fish than they now do, but 
the water must be carefully protected, and the stock of fish 
kept up by breeding artificially. There are many Angling 
Societies and proprietors of private fisheries who make a point 
of replenishing their stock every year by purchasing from pisci- 
cultural establishments, or by carrying on artificial breeding on 
their own account. Most fishing-clubs, however, are at a dis- 
advantage in not being able to provide suitable rearing places 
for their young fish, and they have to turn the ‘ Fry’ that they 
purchase or breed direct into the rivers, which already contain 
trout, the probable consequence being that 99 out of every 100 
go down the throats of the larger fish! Professional trout 
breeders have, of course, their rearing ponds from which they 
supply yearling fish, and although these are much more expen- 
sive than fry, there is at least the satisfaction of knowing that 
almost every fish will attain to a killable size if protected. It 
is far more economical for Angling Societies and Fishing Clubs 
to purchase yearling fish than to erect hatching establishments 
of their own, as there is not only the original outlay, with 
interest thereon, to be considered, but also a weekly expense in 
wages to one or more persons all through the hatching season, 
with in many cases a very unsatisfactory show of fish. A few 
hundred yearling fish would cost far less, and make a much 
better ‘show’ in the water. 
