THE AFTER MANAGEMENT OF CLOVERS AND PASTURES. 39 
been deftly handled between July and March, and farmyard 
manure (green manure will be found to answer best) applied 
during the three winter months, The earlier this is applied 
the better. 
Moulding is also a grand thing to recuperate pastures, 
provided the mould be good, although almost anything is 
better than nothing; but mould should not be carted on to 
the pasture during wet weather. Old banks are excellent for 
moulding, and will be found beneficial to any land; road- 
scrapings are better still, especially on stiff land: but on 
scalds, marl, and clay will be found to answer best. The © 
saline deposit from the sea (where procurable), in our opinion, 
is the best for all lands; whilst the mud and cleanings from 
ditches and ponds, which has been allowed to lay a year and 
been twice turned over and mixed with gas-lime, forms another 
excellent dressing which we should not like to omit to 
mention. 
The moulding should lay roughly on the land until the 
spring, when it may be pulled about with chain harrows until, 
practically speaking, it disappears. 
Should the pasture be weak, or there are grasses which 
appear capable of improvement, a re-sowing should be made 
before the last harrowing, and the land rolled with a heavy 
roll. 
We contend that a third-class pasture can often be con- 
verted into a first-class one in eighteen months or less, by the 
treatment we have above described, and if lambs, hoggets, or 
tegs, are folded on it ; the sheep being fed with roots, hay, and 
corn. 
We will quote one experiment made on a third-class rough 
marsh pasture having a peat bottom, the sub-soil, some 
24 ft. below, being clay ouse. In the auiumn the rough 
rushes and grass were cut close down, during frosty weather 
forty load per acre of heavy soil was carted on to it, and 
