48 PRACTICAL NOTES ON GRASSES AND GRASS GROWING. 
that lies in your power to make the permanent pasture a 
success, 
Without doubt the most difficult problem in connection 
with permanent pasture lies in the selection of seeds, and we 
should but mislead were we to attempt to recommend general 
mixtures as suitable for any or all soils, whether they be light, 
heavy, medium, wet, or dry. 
We have no hesitation in asserting that there is scarcely 
a single grass which is suitable for all soils. In selecting 
a mixture for one’s pasture one must therefore make allowances. 
for the sub-soil, the probable exposure of the land to cold 
winds, hot sun, or to shade from trees, and for any other 
circumstances which are likely to prove factors in the question 
of selection. 
Each field intended to be laid down to permanent pasture 
should have a mixture selected especially for it, and it more 
often happens that the soil varies so much in one field that. 
two or more prescriptions are necessary. But where the field 
is spotty, whether the spots have been directly caused by 
scorching of the sun’s rays or by too much moisture, the same 
mixture is generally sown all over the field, and another 
mixture or mixtures especially prepared for the faulty places, 
which are resown. 
The purpose for which the produce is required is another 
matter which must not be forgotten when the seeds are being: 
selected, and the mixture will of course vary according to 
whether you wish to produce ornamental sward, fine, ordinary, 
or coarse hay, early or late feed, quantity, and quality; and 
whether grazing is required for horses, cattle, or sheep. 
The growth of each variety is one of the most important 
points to be studied and remembered, or the coarser seedlings 
will crowd out the better kinds, and thereby make the pasture 
of little or no use. An example will speedily be found if an 
experiment is made with cocksfoot. On some lands this grass: 
