70 New Yoke at the World's Columbian Exposition. 



State in arousing public pride and enterprise. Upon the final assign- 

 ment of space, however, by the Chicago authorities their days of help- 

 fulness were necessarily ended and the Board of General Managers were 

 constrained to cut off expenditures in this direction and apply the 

 money where it would be 'of greater benefit to the State. 



The E"aval Eeview. 



In the same act that created the World's Columbian Exposition, 

 Congress also provided for a naval review to be held in New York 

 harbor April 2T, 1893. All the maritime nations of the world were 

 invited to participate. The fleets were to rendezvous at Hampton 

 Roads and then proceed under command of Rear Admiral Gherardi to 

 New York where they were to be reviewed by the President and other 

 National and State officials. Nine foreign nations responded to the 

 invitation : England, France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Spain, Holland, 

 Brazil and Argentine Republic. Naval architecture had changed so 

 radically since the war of the Rebellion, the last actual test of battle- 

 ships, where the sturdy little " Monitor " closed the epoch of '' wooden 

 walls," that the review assumed more than a festal significance. Critical 

 eyes from every nation noted the construction, maneuvering and new 

 ideas as expressed in the thirty-five battleships ranged side by side. 

 Nor were emotional features lacking in the situation. The spectacle 

 of the ten most powerful navies sailing under one command and peace- 

 fully engaging in a common celebration has never before been seen 

 and may never be again. 



All of the expected vessels put into Hampton Roads during April, 

 1893, except two of Russia's squadron which were delajed by ice in 

 the Neva. After a week of festivities at Fortress Monroe the fleet 

 weighed anchor on April twenty-fourth and sailed for New York, 

 anchoring in the lower bay. On the twenty-sixth they proceeded 

 slowly up the river to their assigned positions off the upper part of the 

 city, preparatory for the review. As they passed the Battery the 

 statue of John Ericsson, the designer of the " Monitor," was unveiled, 

 and was saluted by the heavy guns of the " Philadelphia, " the flag- 

 ship of the squadron. 



The morning of the twenty-se venth was rainy and cheerless, in extreme 

 contrast to the favorable weather which greeted the October review, but 

 after a short postponement, the reviewing vessel steamed out into the river 

 and passed up between the warships anchored in the following order : 



