520 



New York at the "World's Columbian Exposition. 



rich soil. Extensively used for agii- 

 cultural implements, oars, etc., and for 

 lumber. 



Black Ash, V^raxinus sambucifoUa, 

 Lam. — Abundant in swamps generally 

 throughout the State. Used for interior 

 finishing, cabinet making, barrel hoops, 

 basketware, etc. Burls are occasionally 

 found on this tree (a fine one being shown 

 in the exhibit), which are very valuable 

 cut into veneering for ornamental wood 

 work 



Green Ash, Fraxinus viridis, Miclix. f. 

 — \ small tree found commonly in moist 

 bottom-lands. Confounded with the 

 white ash in commerce and used for the 

 same purposes. 



Red Ash, Firuinus pubescens, Lam. — 

 Common throughout the State along the 

 borders of streams and moist bottom 

 lands. Used for agricultural implements 

 and for lumber, for interior finishing, etc. 



Catalpa, Oatalpa hignoniodes, W<ilt. — 

 Common as an ornamental tree in southera 

 sections of the State and now in places- 

 naturalized. Little used except for orna- 

 mental purposes, though a valuable tim- 

 ber in the south for fence posts, etc. 



Sassafras, Sassafras oftcinale, Nees. — 

 Common throughout the State excepting 

 in the northern counties, usually as a 

 shrubby undergrowth in rich woods, but 

 occasionally as small and medium size 

 trees; large southwestward. A useful 

 wood in cooperage, and an extract from 

 the bark is used as a flavoring and in 

 medicine as an aromatic stimulant. 



American Elm, "White Elm, Vlmus 

 Americana, L. — Abundant generally; a 

 majestic tree. Valuable for tool handles, 

 agricultural implements and in cooperage. 



Red Elm, Slippery Elm, Ulmiis fulva, 

 Mich. — Not uncommon throughout the 

 State along hillsides, etc. Used for rail- 

 way ties, sills, fencing, boat ribs, etc., 

 and of late to some exteit for interior 

 finishing. 



Cork Elm, Rock Elm, Vlmus racemosa. 

 Thomas. — Common in Northern New 

 York, but becoming scarce southward. 

 Very valuable for agricultural imple- 

 ments, tool handles, wheel stocks, etc. 



Nettle Tree, Hackberry, Celtis occiden- 

 talis, L. — Uncommon generally. Found 

 in rich, moist soils, along river bottoms, 

 and generally looked upon as a stranger 

 wherever found. Some trees have quite 

 a local reputation in that way. Two fine 

 individuals especially famous are the 

 "Unknown Tree,'" close by the New York 

 Central railroad track near Spraker's 

 Station, and a very large tree of its kind, 

 fourteen feet in girth, near Schuylerville, 

 reputed to be "older than the Christian 

 era," though no one is prepared to vouch 

 for its age. It stands near the spot where 



General Burgoyne surrendered, and, 

 daubtless, was quite a large tree then. 



Butternut, Juglans ciiieria, L. — Com- 

 mon generally throughout the State. 

 Used for interior finishing, cabinet work, 

 etc., and the delicious nuts are often seen 

 in market. 



Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, i.^ For- 

 merly abundant in the southern and west- 

 ern counties. A very valuable lumber 

 for interior finishing, furniture, etc., and 

 nuts highly prized by some. 



Sycamore, Button Ball, Platanus occi- 

 dentalis, L. — Common generally except- 

 ing in northern counties, growing espe- 

 cially along water-courses. Within the 

 past few years this wood has become very 

 popular, cut "quartering," as an orna- 

 mental wood for interior finishing, furni- 

 ture, etc. It has long been used for fruit 

 boxes, baskets, etc. 



Red Mulberry, Mor-iis rubra, L. — A 

 rather uncommon tree of Southern and 

 Western New York, growing in rich bot- 

 tom lands. Used in cooperage, for han- 

 dles, etc., and produces an edible fruit, 

 though not of much commercial value. 



M6ker-nut Hickory, Garya tomentosa, 

 Natt. — Abundant in Southeastern New 

 York. Used In the manufacture of agri- 

 cultural implements, tool handles, etc., 

 and produces a valuable f I'uit. 



Pig-nut Hickory, Carya porcina, Nutt. 



— Common throughout the State. Valu- 

 able in the manufacture of agricultural 

 implements, tool handles, etc. 



Shell-bark Hickory, Garya alba, Nutt. 



— Abundant generally In the interior of 

 the State. Useful for tool handles, agri- 

 cultural implements, wheel stocks, etc., 

 and for its superior nuts, perhaps the 

 most valuable of the hickories. 



King-nut Hickory, Garya sulcatta, 

 Nutt. — A western tree reaching its east- 

 ern limit of distribution in Western New 

 York. Rare within our limits. Not distin- 

 guished from the shell-bark in commerce 

 or in uses, but produces a much larger nut. 



Small-fruited Hickory, Gai'ya micro- 

 carpa, Nutt. — Not uncommon through- 

 out the State. Used for agricultural im- 

 plements, tool handles, etc. 



Bitter-nut Hickory, Garya amara, 

 Nutt. — Common throughout the State. 

 Usually along the borders of streams and 

 in moist lowlands. Used in the manufac- ■ 

 ture of agricultural implements, tool 

 handles, hoops, etc. 



Yellow Oak, Quercus tinctoria, Bartram. 



— Not uncommon throughout the State 

 generally. Used for furniture, interior 

 hnishing, in cooperage, etc. Bark rich 

 in tannin. 



Rod Oak, Quercus rubra, L. — Abundant 

 throughout the State. Used In cooper- 

 age, for furniture, interior finishing, etc. 



