Rkpokt on the ]< okestky Exhibit. 



li'l 



Chestnut Oak, Rock Ouk, Querrns 

 Pn'iiiis, L. — Common throughout the 

 State. Used for railway ties, I'eucino' 

 and furniture. Valuable on account ol' 

 the amount of tannin contained in the 

 bark. 



Scarlet Oak, Qiieiviis coccinea, Waiir/. — 

 Common throughout the State. Used in 

 cooperage, for railway tie.s, etc. 



Black-jack Oak, Querciis nigra, L. — A 

 small tree abundant in localities along the 

 coast. Little used except for fuel. 



Chiuquapin Oak, Quercus MiMenhurgii. 

 Engelm. — "Western New York and rather 

 uncommon. A timber valuable for much 

 the same uses as that of the white oak. 



Pin Oak, Qiiemis palustris, Du Eoi. — 

 Abundant on Long and Staten Islands. 

 Used in cooperage, for furniture, interior 

 finishing, etc. 



White Oak, Quercus alba, L. — Common 

 throughout the State. One of the most 

 valuable of the oaks for interior finish- 

 ing, furniture, agricultui-al implements, 

 cooperage, etc. 



Burr Oak, Quercmmacrocarpa, Miclu. — 

 Common in river valleys, especially In the 

 northern portion of the State. Valuable 

 for the same uses as the white oak and 

 scarcely inferior to it. 



Post Oak, Quercus obtusiloba, Du JRoi. — 

 Common on Long and Staten Islands. 

 Used for railway ties, fuel and to some 

 extent in the manufacture of chairs and 

 in cooperage. 



Swamp White Oak, Quercus bicolor, 

 Willd. — Common generally throughout 

 the State in moist situations. Used in the 

 manufacture of agricultural implements, 

 furniture, etc. 



Chestnut, Gastanea vesca, var. Amer. 

 Michx. — Common throughout the State 

 excepting in the more northern and ele- 

 vated regions. Besides the valuable 

 fruit this tree produces excellent lumber 

 for general construction purposes, furni- 

 ture, fencing, etc., and railway ties, with- 

 standing decay for a long time. 



Beech, Vagus feiTuginea, Ait. — Very 

 common, especially in the northern and 

 elevated regions, growing in dry, rich 

 soil. Largely used in the manufacture 

 of plane stocks, chairs, tool handles, etc., 

 etc., and for fuel. 



Hop Hornbeam, Ironwood, Ostrya Vir- 

 ginica, Willd. — Common throughout the 

 State in dry soil. Used for levers, tool 

 handles, etc. 



Blue Beech, Ironwood, Carpinus Garo- 

 Uniana, Waiter. — Common throughout 

 the State along streams. Useful for tool 

 handles, levers, etc. 



Sweet Birch, Betula lenta, L. — Com- 

 mon throughout the State. Valuable in 

 the manufacture of furniture, wooden- 

 ware, for interior finishing and for fuel. 



66 



Yellow Birch, Betula lutea, Mirh.v. f. 

 — Common in the northern and more ele- 

 vat;'d districts on rich uplands and hill- 

 sides. Used in the manufacture of 

 woodenware and furniture, for interior 

 finishing and extensively for fuel. 



River Birch, Betula nigra, L — Rare in 

 New York, being found sparingly on 

 Staten Island and Long Island, in moist 

 soil along streams, and Prof. Charles H. 

 Peck reports a few individuals on the 

 hank of the Hudson river, near Coxsackie. 

 Applicable to the same uses as the yellow 

 birch. 



White Birch, Old-field Birch, Betula 

 populifolia, Marshall. — Abundant in lo- 

 calities throughout the State in dry and 

 often poor soil. Extensively used for 

 spools, shoe pegs, woodenware, etc., and 

 for fuel. 



, Canoe Birch, Betula papyrcocea, Ait. — 

 Abundant in Northern and occasionally 

 in Western New York. Used for interior 

 finishing, furniture, woodenware, spools, 

 shoe pegs, etc., and for fuel. 



Peach Willow, Salix amygdaloides, An- 

 ders. — Common in Western New York, 

 in moist soil along streams and lake- 

 shores. Used for charcoal. 



Yellow Willow, Salix alba, var. iiitel- 

 lina. — A fine large willow, originally in- 

 troduced, but now so abundant as to form 

 a conspicuous feature among our trees, 

 and entitle it to a place in the exhibit. 

 Very commonly set along the banks of 

 streams, railway embankments, etc., to 

 prevent erosion. Useful too as an orna- 

 mental tree and in the production of char- 

 coal. Its tough fibre would suggest its 

 value for paper jjulp. 



Black Willow, Salix nigra, Marshall. — 

 A small tree alDundant throughout the 

 State, along the borders of streams and 

 marshes. Useful for the production of 

 charcoal. The bark of this species, and 

 of all the willows in general, possesses 

 astringent and feebly tonic principles, and 

 a decoction is sometimes used in domestic 

 practice as a febrifuge. 



Balm-of-Gilead, Balsam Poplar, Popti- 

 lus balsamifera, L. — Occasional though 

 not common, excepting in cultivation as a 

 formerly popular ornamental tree. Little 

 used. A viscous exudation of the buds of 

 this species is sometimes used in medicine. 

 Quaking Asp, Populus tremuloides, 

 Michx. — Common throughout the State, 

 springing up abundantly in soil denuded 

 of other forests. Used in the manufac- 

 ture of small woodenware, excelsior, etc., 

 and largely for paper pulp. 



Swamp Poplar, Populus heterophylea, L. 

 — The most uncommon of our poplars, the 

 only known stations in the State being 

 swamps on Staten and Long Islands. Lit- 

 tle used, though the handsome, bluish- 



