74 ESSAYS ON WHEAT 



" statutory grades defined by Parlia- 

 ment. 



commercial grades defined by the 

 Standards Board. 



Each of the three grades of Northern and each of the 

 three commercial grades is subdivided, for the wheat in 

 any of these grades may fall under the general categories 

 of no grade, condemned, or rejected. Thus, for instance, 

 there are at present six divisions of the grade No. 1 North- 

 em as follows : 



No. 1 Northern, 



No. 1 Northern Tough, 



No. 1 Northern Damp, 



No. 1 Northern Smutty, 



No. 1 Northern — Eejected on account of seeds, 



No. 1 Northern — Rejected on account of heat. 

 We thus obtain, in addition to the one grade for No. 1 

 Hard, thirty-six grades. But the list of grades is not ex- 

 hausted with these, for we may have grades consisting of 

 combinations such as: 



No. 1 Northern Damp and Smutty, 



No. 1 Northern Smutty Eejected on account of seeds ; 

 and so forth. 



In the autumn of the great rust year, 1916, the Stand- 

 ards Board defined for the crop year 1916-17 an addi- 

 tional grade known as No. 4 Special. This grade in- 

 cluded grain which had been badly shriveled by rust. 

 Its minimum weight per measured bushel was only 54 

 pounds. There is no such grade this year, 1918-19. 



There is a grade which is generally recognized by buy- 

 ers and sellers known as !Feed, but it has not been defined 



