102 ESSAYS ON "WHEAT 



the year; and thus, for every elevator, the annual surplus 

 or shortage of grain is determined. The information so 

 obtained is then published for the information of every 

 one interested. 



The Government in response to the demand of the grain 

 growers for increased governmental control of the market- 

 ing of grain, erected in 1912-14 at Port Arthur an ele- 

 vator with a capacity of 3,500,000 bushels, and subse- 

 quently built other large terminal elevators at Vancouver, 

 Moosejaw, Saskatoon and Calgary. Thus the Govern- 

 ment procured, at first-hand, knowledge of the cost of 

 elevator construction and operation. Farmers now have 

 a wide choice of terminal elevators at the lake front. 

 They may ship to an elevator operated by the Government 

 as a public utility, to one of three elevators operated by 

 their own trading companies, to an elevator owned by 

 either the Canadian Pacific Railway, the Canadian North- 

 ern Eailway or the Grand Trunk Pacific Eailway, or, 

 finally, to one of the elevators operated by a commercial 

 company.*® 



XXII. The Dominion Grain Research Laboratory 



The Board of Grain Commissioners was established to 

 administer the Canada Grain Act of 1912. In the course 

 of its work, it was continually encountering problems re- 

 lating to grain which demanded solution by patient study 

 and research, and its first chairman. Dr. Eobert Magill, 

 therefore advocated the establishment of a Grain Research 

 Laboratory, As a result, the Laboratory came into exist- 

 ence at Winnipeg in the year 1914. 



The Grain Research Laboratory is imder the direction 

 of Dr. F. J. Birchard, who is ably assisted by Mr. A. W. 

 »8 Of. E. Magill, loo. dt., p. 54. 



