292 ESSAYS ON WHEAT 



VI. The Botanical Classification of Wheats 



In order to appreciate why it is that the wild wheat 

 of Palestine has been considered to he the prototype of our 

 cultivated wheats, it is necessary to understand how cul- 

 tivated wheats have been classified. Eight distinct kinds 

 of wheat have been recognized as follows : 



1. Einkom. 5. Wheat. 



2. Polish Wheat. 6. Club Wheat. 



3. Ernmer. 7. Poulard Wheat. 



4. Spelt. 8. Hard or Durum Wheat. 



In the great central spring-rwheat region of l!^orth Ameri- 

 ca, No. 5 or wheat is by far the most important kind, for it 

 includes Ped Eife, Marquis, Preston, and Bluestem. No. 

 8 or durum wheat is also grown in the dryer localities; 

 but few farmers in the West are acquainted with either 

 einkom, Polish wheat, emmer, spelt, "club wheat, or Pou- 

 lard wheat. The following classification is based upon 

 the studies of Kornicke and Hackel : 



Triticutn 



Section Eutriticum 



T. Triiicum monococcum einkom. 



II. Triiicum polonicum Polish wheat. 



III. Triiicum saiivum a collective species. 



1. Triiicum dicoccwm emmer. 



2. Triiicum spelta, spelt. 



3. Triiicum tenax common wheats. 



a. Triiicum vulgar e {Triiicum tBsitvMm) .. .wheat. 



b. Triiicum compacium club wheat. 



c. Triiicum turgidum Poulard wheat. 



d. Triiicum durum durum wheat. 



We thus see that in the section Eutriticum of the genus 

 Triticum there are three species: Triticum monococcum. 



