Since the year 1862, shows for all horses bred in Russia 

 have been held annually ; about ;^22,500 is given annually 

 in prizes, and honorary awards are also distributed. The 26 

 Turf Societies in Russia receive among them ;^ 14,000 a year, 

 to be given in stakes. Horse fairs are encouraged ; there are 

 460 of these in various parts of the country, at which some 

 300,000 horses change hands annually. 



A memorandum supplied me in February, 1905, by the 

 Military Attache at St. Petersburg contains the most recent 

 information accessible concerning the Russian studs. The- 

 figures refer to the year 1889. The Government "studs" in 

 Russia, it must be understood, are really breeding farms. 

 They are as follows : — 



(i) The Khrenovoi or Krenovsky stud, in the Veronig 

 Government, of four divisions : — (a) English Thoroughbreds, 

 115 head; (b) Trotters, 338 head ; (c) Hunters and Trotters, 

 60 head ; and (d) Draught horses, 38 head. This stud was 

 purchased in 1845 from the daughter of Count Alexis OrlofF, 

 the descendant of the noble who founded the famous breed of 

 trotting-horses known by his name. It is also celebrated for 

 the Rostophschine breed of Trotters which was founded by 

 Count Rostophschine, a contemporary of the founder of the 

 Orloff breed. Khrenovoi is a stallion depot as well as a 

 breeding stud. 



(2) The Bielovodsk stud in the Kharkov Government. 



(3) The Novo Alexandrovsk stud, where half-bred horses 

 are produced ; the head of stock here in 1889 was 445 head. 



(4) The Streletz or Streletzki stud, which consists of 

 two divisions : — (a) Riding-horses, 408 head ; and (b) Arabs, 

 81 head. The Streletz stud has given its name to a breed 

 which differs only in its superior size from the Eastern-bred 

 Arab. The Streletz horses, shown at Paris in September, 

 1900, were among the exhibits that attracted most attention. 

 The object of this establishment is the production of light 

 riding-horses of average height with an Eastern strain, chiefly 



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