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THE COW AND THE DAIRY. 35 



Should the Tevor continue after the purging drench, the following fever drench mast be given 

 night and momtng : 



Tartar emetie, 1 drachm; Nitre, 4 drachms. 



Mix and give in a quart of warm gruel. 



CLEANSING. — The after-birth or placenta shouM be discharged soon after 

 the period of calving ; in case Uiis is delayed, a dose of physic may be administered, composed of 

 one pound of Epsom salts, aiid two drachms of ginger m some warm water or warm groeL 

 Leave the Calf with tlie Cow for some time after it is bom. 

 The following cleansing drink mey be given with advantage : 



Cummin seed powder, 2 ounces ; Sulphur, 2 ounces ; 



Bay berries powdered, 1 ounce ; Turmeric. 1 ounce. 



Boil these toprcther for ten minutes, and give the drink vi'hen cool in some gmcl. 



CLYSTERS. — Clysiers are medicines introduced (commonlj'' by a syringe) into 

 the rectum of animals. The composition of the most common is as follows : 

 • Clyster for Coios. 



Epsom salts, 1 pound; Linseed oil, 8 ounces ; Water, 3 or 4 quarts. 

 V<»ry useful to assist the operation of physic drenches. 



CUD, LOSS OF — Is not a disease of itself, but is usually a symptom of vari- 

 ous disorders. The following drink may be given in cases of loss of cud, when no indication of 

 any particular disorder is apparent : 



Epsom salts, } pound ; Cartaway seeds, powdered, 1 ounce; 



Gentian, powdered, { ounce ; Singer, powdered, S drachms. 



Mix, and give in warm gruel. 



Rumination is requisite in order to keep an ox in health, f little straw or hay ia accordingly 

 necessary to enable it to chew the cud. We know a case in which baxley-meal and boileu ppta. 

 toes were given to Cows without hay or straw. Constipation resulted, and.the cattle nearly per^ 

 &hed fronrthe^norance of the feeder. 



DIARRHCEA — Is the excessive discharge of fecal matter. It arises from va- 

 rious causes, as from too much opening physic, poisonous plants, bad treatment, foul water, or 

 from some peculiar state of the atmosphere. This may be treated as follows : — ^First give an ape- 

 rient — either one pint of linseed oil, or, in a quart of water — 



Epsom salts, | pound ;' Powdered ginger, 2 drachms. Mix for a dose. 

 Afterward give the followmg astringent ; 



Prepared cha%, I ounce ; Powdered o^pium, | drachm , 



Powdered catechu, 3 drachms ; Powdered -gmger, 2 drachms. 



Mix, and give in a quart of warm grueL 



FLOODING-— Is a discharge of blood from the uterus of the Cow, after calv- 

 ing. The only remedy is to ap ply cold to the loins : if in warm weather, a pound of saltpetre dia* 

 solved in a gsdlon of water will produce a very cold solution. If ice can be procured, equal parts 

 of snow and ice, say equal parts of each, will produce a very intense cold. If the flooding still 

 continues, raise the Cow's hind parts, give two drachms of opium every hoar, keep the patient 

 qoiet, take away her Calf. 



GARGET — ^Arises from the inflamed and hardened state of the internal sub- 

 stance of the udder of Cows. This is a complaint which is very apt to arise in young Cows. In 

 the early stages of it, the best remedy is to allow her Calf to suckle, and rub about her udder. If 

 this does not efifect a care, then it is generally necessary to take away a little blood, and after- 

 ward to give the following drench ': 



Epsom sal^, 1 pound ; Aniseed powdered, 1 ounce ; Warm water, 3 pints. 



The udder to be bathed with hot water three times a day, and after each battling to be well 

 rubbed with the following ointment ; 



Yellow basilicon, 4 ounces ; Camphor, 1 ounce, rubbed down with a little spirits of wine , 

 Strong mercurial ointment, 2 ounces; Soft soap, 16 ounces. Rub these well together. 



In very obstinate cases I have found the following successfiil : 



Hydriodate of potash, 1 drachm, rubbed into very flue powder and mixed with 1 ounce of 

 spermaceti ointment. 



After bathing with hot water, a piece of the size of a small notmeg should Ik well rubbed in, 

 night and morning. 



KICKS, AM) OTHER BRUISES.— Foment the parts copiously and frequent- 

 ly for some time with hot water ; if the skin is broken, apply the following tincture : 

 ' Friar's bals.-mi, 2 ounces ; Tincture of aloes and myrrh, 2 ounces. Mix for use. 



MISCARRIAGE. — The usual period of gestation ia a Cow is two hundred 

 and seventy days, or ivine calendar months ; but there is much variation in the time of the Cow 

 being with calf According to M. Tessier, in eleven hundred and diiny-one Cows upon which his 

 observations were made, t^e shortest period was two hundred and forty, and the longest three 

 hundred and twenty-one — being a variation of eighty-one days ; or, reckoning from nine months, 

 fifty-one days over, and tliirty-one days under. Of five hundred and seventy-five Cows, he found 

 twenty-one calved between the two hundred and fortieth and twohinired and seventieth day ; 

 five hundred and for^-four between the two hundred and seventieth arad two hundred and ninety- 

 ninth, and ten between tlie two hundred and ninety-ninth and three hundred and went^-ifirst 

 day. It has baen remarked that the Cow s;oes longer with a bull calf than with a cow call. Of 

 aeven hundred and sixty-four Cows, noted' by Lord Spencer (Jour. BoytU Agri. Soc, vol. i., p. 

 165), two hundred and twenty days was the shortest period when a live calf was produced, and 

 two hundred and forty-two days the shortest period when the calf vvas reared ; three hundred 

 ind thirteen days was the tong'(.'>< period he remarked a Cow to be in calf ; three hundred and 



