WOOD PULP AND PAPER 



27 



valley of the St. Lawrence River. The location of the industrial center 

 of the manufacture of wood pulp is attributed directly to the fact that 

 raw material is available in this section and the great paper mill centers 

 have been developed there. 



Kind of Wood. 



Spruce: Domestic 



Imported 



Hemlock 



Poplar: Domestic 



Imported 



Balsam fir 



Pine 



Beech ' 



Maple 1 



White fir 



Cottonwood 



All other species 



Slab wood and other mill waste . 



Total 



Quantity, 

 1916. 

 Cords. 



2,399,993 

 701,667 

 760,226 



329,370 

 82,326 



301,032 

 170,378 



49,425 

 22,211 



211, 086 

 200,844 



5,228,558 



Quantity, 

 1911. 

 Cords. 



I,6l2,3ss 



903,37s 

 616,663 



333,929 

 34,295 



191,779 



124,019 

 44,320 

 36,979 

 36,493 

 25,043 

 88,268 



280,534 



4,328,052 



Quantity, 

 1909. 

 Cords. 



1,653,249 

 768,332 



559,657 

 302,876 

 25,622 

 95,366 

 90,885 

 31,390 



37,176 



36,898 



151,179 



248,977 



4,001,607 



' Included with all other species in 1916. 



New York occupies the commanding position in the manufacture of 

 wood pulp and paper. It now has about seventy-five pulp mills and con- 

 sumes more than 1,000,000 cords of wood annually. The centers of the 

 industry in New York are in the upper Hudson River and Black River 

 valleys, the latter centering around the cities of Watertown and Carthage. 

 Maine is the leader in the consumption of wood, using over 1,198,000 

 cords of wood annually. In 191 1 there were thirty-eight pulp mills in 

 Maine and in 1916, thirty-two mills. Wisconsin is third in order of 

 importance. 



Owing to the decrease of available material in the northeast, the 

 industry has exhibited a tendency to move to Canada, the Lake states 

 and the northwest and it is estimated that in a few decades many new 

 pulp mills will be located in the Lake states, the Far West and even in 

 the South where new developments in the reduction of southern pine 

 waste give excellent promise. Other leading states in order are New 

 Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Michigan, Oregon, West Vir- 

 ginia, Virginia, Vermont, North Carohna and Massachusetts. 



Consumption by Processes. 



Most of the pulpwood is reduced by the sulphite process. In 1916 



