372 FOREST PRODUCTS 



shakes are piled in fours, crib fashion and thoroughly seasoned before 

 being used or hauled to the market. 



As a rule, roof shakes are 32 in. in length, 5 in. wide and ys of an inch 

 thick. Tray shakes are generally 2 ft. long, 6 or more inches in width, 

 and I in. thick. In California, it is estimated that each roof shake con- 

 tains about oT ft., board measure, and each tray shake about I ft., board 

 measure. Only about 4000 roof shakes are made from each thousand 

 board-feet of the tree actually used. About 25 per cent of the available 

 saw timber of the trees taken for shake making is wasted. This por- 

 tion is not used because of knots, cross-grain, sapwood, and defects of 

 various kinds. 



The following costs of production have been observed in California. 

 The usual selling price for roof shakes sold at the point of making runs 

 between $6.00 and $8.00 per thousand shakes. 



Operation. Cost per M Shakes. 



Felling and trimming $0.10 to $0 . 1 2 



Bucking 1.25 to 1.60 



Riving 1 . 80 to 2 . 10 



Piling 10 to .10 



Bahng (including wire) 15 to .15 



Piling debris iS to .22 



Stumpage i , 25 to i . 60 



Total per thousand $4 . 80 to $5 . 89 



Tray shakes for use in the California valleys are commonly split out, 

 but they are also sawed out at so-called tray mills. The operation is 

 practically the same as in making roof shakes, but the operator is not so 

 particular about the type of timber taken. Tray shakes are, as a rule, 

 much longer, wider and thicker than roof shakes, and are sometimes 

 graded into first and second classes. Tray mills which saw their product 

 sometimes turn out from 12,000 to 16,000 tray boards per day. They 

 bring from $13.00 to $15.00 or more per thousand delivered at the rail- 

 road. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



Berry, Swift. Shake Making and Tray Mills in California National Forests. 

 Forestry Quarterly, No. 3, Vol. 11, 1913. 



Knapp, J. B. and A. G. Jackson. Western Red Cedar in the Pacific Northwest. 

 Reprint from the West Coast Lumberman, 1914. 



