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The training of the great northern falcons, as well as 

 that of merlins and hobbies, is conducted much on the above 

 principles, but the gerfalcons will seldom wait on well, and 

 merlins will not do it at all. 



The training of the short-winged hawks is a simpler 

 process. They must, like falcone, be provided with jesses, 

 swivel, leash and bell. In these hawks the bell is some- 

 times fastened to the tail. Sparrowliawks can, however, 

 scarcely carry a bell big enough to be of any service. The 

 hood is seldom used for short-winged hawks, — never in the 

 field. They must be made as tame as possible by carriage 

 on the fist and the society of man, and taught to come to 

 the fist freely when required, — at first to jvmip to it in 

 a room, and then out of doors. When a goshawk comes freely 

 and without hesitation for short distances, "she ought to 

 b§ called: long di^t fences from the' hand' of ah assistant, but 

 not oftener than twice each meal, until she will come at 

 least 1000 yards'," on each occasion being rewarded with some- 

 thing that she likes very much, as a fresh-killed bird, warm. 

 When she does this freely, and endures the presence of dogs, 

 strangers, etc., a few bagged rabbits should be given her, 

 and she will be ready for the field. Some ac oust om^ the : 

 "goshawk to the use of the lure, for the purpose of taking 

 her if she will not come to the fist in the field when she 

 has taken stand in a tree after being baulked of her quarry, 

 but it ought not to be necessary to use it. 



Falcons, or long-winged hawks are either "flown out of 

 the hood", i.e., unheeded and slipped when the quarry is 

 in sight, or they are made to "wait on" till the game is 

 flushed. Herons and rooks are always taken by the former 

 method. Passage hawks are generally employed for flying at 

 these birds, although we have known some good eyases quite 

 equal to the work. For heron-hawking a well stocked heronry 

 is in the first place necessary. Next an open country which 

 can be ridden over — over which herons are in the constant 

 habit of passing to and from their heronry on their fishing 

 excursions, or making their "passage". A heron found at his 

 feeding place at a brook or pond affords no sport whatever. 

 If there be i little water and peregrine falcon that will 

 go straight at him will sieze him soon after he rises. It 

 is sometimes advisable to fly a young hawk at a heron so 

 found, but it should not be repeated. If there is much 

 water the heron will neither show sport nor be captured. 

 It is quite a different affair when; he is sighted winging 

 his way at a height in the air over an open tract of country 

 free from water- Though he has no chafice whatever of competing 

 with a falcon in straight forward flight, the heron has large 

 concave wings, a very light body proportionately, and air 

 cells in his bones, and can rise with astonishing rapidity, 

 more perpendicularly, or, in other words, in smaller rings, 

 than the falcon, which he usually does almost directly as 

 she is cast off, he makes play for the upper regions. Then 

 the falcon commences to climb too to get above him, but in 



