CONSTRUCTION OF WALKS AND DRIVES 



61 



be constructed of cement or brick. If cement is used the surface 

 should be roughened to prevent slipping. 



GUTTERS 



Where the walk or drive grade is not steep gutters will not be 

 required and a few catch basins will take care of the surface water 

 (Fig. 60) . If the surface over which the water gathers is great enough 

 the road will be more pleasing and serviceable when defined by a 

 curb or gutter. 



Pr-we-^s^- 



I 1 



Fig. 61. — Section of a concrete gutter and 

 curb. — See page 59 



Fig. 62. — A section showing the con' 

 struction of a rubblestone gutter and curb 



CE^EENT GUTTERS 



Where gutters (Fig. 61) are required the most satisfactory, 

 although undoubtedly artificial in appearance, is the cement curb 

 and gutter combined. This forms a good, substantial feature 

 against which to finish the sod on one side and the road metal on the 

 other. The foundation on heavy soils should be extended to a 

 depth of eighteen inches. 



Use clean boilerhouse cinders or stone spawls as a foundation 

 to within five inches of the finished grade; on this place the concrete, 

 consisting of a mixture of one part Portland cement to four parts 

 of sand and five parts of crushed stone. The finish coat should 

 consist of one part Portland cement and two parts of sharp sand, 

 troweled even and hard. 



RUBBLE GUTTERS 



.The rubble curb and gutter (Fig. 62), built of quarried or field 

 stone laid on edge and swept with chips, is very suitable for sub- 

 urban and country districts. Such gutters should be not less than 

 eighteen inches wide. 



An objectionable feature of the rubble gutter is that the grass 

 and weeds grow up through the interstices. Where the stone is 

 laid on a good foundation of clean cinders, twelve or eighteen inches 



