18 TUEDID^. 



10. Turdus grayi. 



Turdus grayi, Bp. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 118 '; Scl. 1859, pp. 362 \ 370 '; Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 5 '; 

 Owen, Ibis, 1861, p. 60 'j Scl. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 173'; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 344% 

 1870, p. 836 % Salv. P.Z.S. 1867, p. 132', 1870, p. 180"; Ibis, 1866, p. 202", 1872, 

 p. 314 ''; Baird, Rev. Am. B. p. 26"; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 175 ", ix. pp. 91 ", 

 199"; Grayson, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 266"; Bull. U. S.Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 11"; 

 Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. xiv. p. 276"; Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 543'°; 

 V. Frantzius, J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 290 ". 



Turdus tristis, Scl. P.Z. S. 1856, p. 294'' (nee Swains.). 



Turdus casius, Bp. Compt. Rend. xli. p. 657"; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 326'*. 



Turdus helvolus, Licht. Preis-Verz. Mex. Vog. (1830), cf. J. f. Om. 1863, p. 57'' (descr. nulla). 



Supra ociiraceo-fascua unicolor ; subtus ciimamoineiis, gutture striolis fuscis notato ; subalaribus leete cervinis ; 

 rostro fusco, pedibus corylinis. Long, tota 9, alse 5, caudse 4-2, rostri a rictu 1-1, tarsi 1-3. (Descr. 

 exempl. ex Coban, Guatemala. Mus. nostr.) 



Juv. supra dorsi plumis medialiter striote cervinis, tectricibus alarum cervino terminatis ; subtus plumis omni- 

 bus fusco transfasciatis. (Descr. maris juv. ex Costa Eica. Mus. nostr.) 



Eab. Mexico, Tepic and Tres Marias Islands (Grayson^'' ^^), Cordova (SallS^^), Jalapa 

 {Beppe, Mus. Serol.^^ ; de Oca ^), Choapam and Villa Alta {Boucard ^), State of 

 Vera Cruz (Sumichrast ^^), Mirador (Sartorius'^^), valley of Mexico (White ^, le 

 Strange), Santa Efigenia, Tehuantepec (Sumichrast ^^), Merida, Yucatan (Schott ^^) ; 

 Guatemala \ Duefias ^, Escuintla, Retalhuleu, San Geronimo ^, Tactic, Coban 

 (0. S. & F.B. G.); HoNDUEAS, San Pedro (G. M. Whitely^); San Salvador, 

 Acajutla (J. M. Bow ^^) ; Nicaragua, Chpntales (Janson ^^) ; Costa Eica, San Jose 

 and Barranca (Carmiol^% Quebrada Honda, Lepanto (v. Frantzius ^^), Volcan de 

 Cartago (Carmiol) ; Panama, V. de Chiriqui (Arce^°), David (Hicks ^^), Chitra and 

 Santa Fe (Arce^), Lion Hill (M'Leannan'' ^% Obispo (0. aS'.).— Colombia. 



This well-known Central-American Thrush was jfirst described by Bonaparte from 

 Guatemalan specimens brought from that country by Col. Velasquez i. It had, how- 

 ever, been previously received in the Berlin Museum from Deppe and Schiede, who had 

 procured examples during their travels in Mexico near Jalapa 2*. In his list of the 

 birds collected by these travellers, Lichtenstein included this Thrush under the name of 

 Turdus helveolus, but gave no description of it. 



Turdus grayi is one of the commonest species of Thrush in Mexico and Central 

 America, being found nearly everywhere in the hot and temperate districts from Tepic 

 in the far north-west to Panama, and is a resident species wherever it occurs, except 

 perhaps at the extreme north-western limits of its range. Grayson, to whom we are 

 indebted for our knowledge of this district, says ^^ that it is at times abundant in the 

 winter months on the Tres Marias Islands, and that it is frequently found in the " tierra 

 caliente " of the mainland, where he met with it breeding near Tepic in the month of 

 May. He adds that it is gregarious and partially migratory. Prof. Sumichrast, who 



