SETOPHAGA. 181 



appear that during the winter a contraction of the area inhabited by the species takes 

 place along its northern border, rather than a shifting of ground by the whole of the 

 individuals. 



Of the nest and eggs of this species nothing is yet known. 



b. Sufra scUstaceae, aliquando olivaceo tinctce ; speculum alare nullum. 

 a', Mentum et gula nigricantia. 



3. Setophaga miniata. 



Setophaffa miniata, Sw. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 368'; Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, p. 292' ; 1858, p. 299'; 



1 859, pp. 363 S 374 ' ; 1864, p. 173 « ; Baird, B. N. Am. p. 249, t. 58. f. 1 ' ; Rev. Am. B. 



i. p. 259' J Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. 1. p. 546'; Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. 



ii. p. 270"; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 16"; Salv. Ibis, 1878, p. 308". 

 Muscicapa larv at a, TAcht. Preis-Verz. mex. Vog. p. 2" (cf. J, f. Orn. 1863, p. 58). 

 Muscicapa vulnerata, "Wagl. Isis, 1831, p. 529 ". 



Setophaga mlnerata, Bp. Consp. i. p. 313 '' ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 65 ". 

 Muscicapa derhami, Griraud, Sixteen B. Tex. t. 3. f. 2 ". 

 Setophaga castanea, Less. Eev. Zool. 1839, p. 42 ". 

 Setophaga flammea, Kaup, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 50 "; Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 12 '° ; Baird, Rev. Am. B. 



i. p. 259 ^\ 

 Setophaga intermedia, Hartl. Rev. Zool. 1852, p. 5 ". 



Supra ardesiaoa ; alls, uropygio et Cauda nigricantibus ; fronte, loris, verticis lateribus et gula tota nigris, 

 vertice ipso Isete castaneo; subtas abdomine toto coccineo, subalaribua et crisso extus albis; caud* 

 reotricibus tribus externis gradatim albo terminatis, rostro et pedibus nigris. Long, tota 5-4, caudse 2-6 

 rostri a rictu 0-5, tarsi 0-73. (Descr. maris ex Parada, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 



Eab. Mexico ^ is ^t. Sierra Madre {Grayson ^^), Valladolid {Bullock ^), Zacatecas i^, 

 valley of Mexico (White ^, le Strange), Jalapa^ (de Oca^), temperate and alpine 

 regions of Vera Cruz {Sumichrast^), Te.mascaltepec and Eeal Ariba {Deppe), Cinco 

 Seiiores^, Totontepec^, and La Parada ^ {Boucard), Sierra Madre near Zapotitlan 

 {Sumichrast i°) ; Guatemala ^^ ^^, Quezaltenango, Volcan de Fuego, Duenas, Car- 

 rizal, Chilasco, and Coban {0. S. & F. B. G.). ' 



The Guatemalan and Mexican representatives of this bird were long considered to 

 belong to distinct species, the latter bearing Swainson's name S. miniata, the former 

 one proposed by Kaup, S.fiammea ^^. Having recently carefully examined this subject ^^^ 

 we came to the conclusion that the differences were too slight to justify the birds being 

 kept separate ; so we united them under the name S. miniata, proposed by Swainson for 

 the Mexican bird in 1827, the description being taken from a specimen obtained by 

 Bullock at Valladolid in the Mexican highlands i. The Guatemalan S. flammea ^^ was 

 formerly said to differ in having the breast rather more orange-red and the tail somewhat 

 shorter and with less white on the outer feathers ; but comparing specimens killed at 



