182 MNTOTILTID^. 



the same time of year, the difference of the colour of the breast is not perceptible, and 

 the examination of a series of specimens shows some variability in the extent of the 

 white of the tail-feathers. So no really tangible difference remains by which to distin- 

 guish the two birds. Eegarding the other synonyms given to this bird, Wagler's name 

 S. vulnerata^^, no doubt, applies to it ; for though Wagler says his is very near Swainson's 

 species, he does not say how they differ. Muscicapa larvata of Lichtenstein^^, Setophaga 

 castanea of Lesson ^^, and Muscicapa derhami of Giraud^'^ also apply, without doubt, to 

 Setophaga miniata ; but they all seem to have been proposed by their authors without 

 any reference to the work of their predecessors, and doubtless in ignorance of their 

 labours. Of S.flammea we have already spoken ; and, lastly, S. intermedia of Hartlaub 

 was proposed for the Guatemalan bird, and, with S. flammea, must be placed as a 

 synonym of S. miniata. 



Though stated by Giraud to occur within the United-States border, ;iS'. miniata has 

 not since been found north of Mexican territory, though, like S. picta, it may still be 

 discovered in Southern Arizona. Its most northern limit in Mexico is the Sierra Madre, 

 near Mazatlan, where Grayson met with it, but where he says it is rare, only two or 

 three individuals having come under his notice high up in the mountains. He describes 

 its habits as resembling those of the Flycatchers, waiting quietly on its perch for passing 

 insects. Prof. Sumichrast speaks of it as inhabiting the alpine and temperate regions 

 of Vera Cruz, at altitudes ranging between 1600 and 8200 feet. In Guatemala we 

 never met with it so low down, the neighbourhood of Cohan, 4300 feet, being the lowest 

 point where it occurs in abundance ; but here it is a well-known bird. Above this, in 

 all suitable woods, it is common up to 8000 feet in the vicinity of Quezaltenango in 

 the Altos of Guatemala. 



Like S. picta it is a restless species, constantly searching for its food amongst the 

 leaves and branches of the oak trees it frequents. In Guatemala it is probably a resi- 

 dent species, as we observed it at nearly every season of the year. 



Of its nest and eggs nothing is yet known. 



4. Setophaga aurantiaca. 



Setophaga aurantiaca, Baird, Eev. Am. B. i. p. 261^ ; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 96 ^; v. Frantzius, 

 J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 294'; Salv. Ibis, 1869, p. 313*; 1878, p. 310"; P. Z. S. 1870, p. 183 ^ 

 Setophaga flammea, Cab. J. f. Orn. 1861, p. 85 '' (nee Kaup) . 



Supra scMstaoea ; fronte, capitis lateribus, gnla tota et cauda nigricantibus ; plaga verticali castanea ; abdomine 

 toto aurantiaco-flavo, crisso albo ; rectricis utrinque extimse dimidio apicaJi albo, duabus quoque utrinque 

 proximis albo terminatis ; rostro et pedibus nigris. Long, tota 5-3, alse 2'6, eaudse 2-5, rostri a rictu 0'6, 

 tarsi 0-7. (Descr. maris ex San Jos^, Costa Eica. Mus. nostr.) 



Av. horn, f usco-niger ; abdomine medio fulvescente. 



Hah. Costa Eica '^, San Jose ^, Barranca ^, Grecia ^, and Dota Mountains ^ ^ {^Carmiol), 

 Candelaria Mountains {y. Frantzius ^), Turrialba and Tucurriqui {Arce) ; Panama, 

 Volcan de Chiriqui, Calovevora {Arc^ ^). 



