256 TANAGEID^. 



As we have already said, Euphonia differs chiefly, if not solely, from Chlorophonia in 

 the structure of its feathers and in their general colour. The two genera, however, 

 have some remarkable characteristics, which, so far as at present known, separate them 

 from the rest of the Tanagers. 



In 1829 Lund, in a pamphlet published at Copenhagen on the genus Euphonia, 

 showed that there were peculiarities in the stomach of Euphonia not shared by a number 

 of other genera of Tanagers examined by him, and that the gizzard was represented in 

 quite a rudimentary condition. The late Mr. W. A. Forbes carefully examined these 

 birds, and in almost every respect confirmed Lund's observations. A paper was pub- 

 lished by Forbes on this subject in the ' Proceedings of the Zoological Society ' for 1880 

 (p. 143 et seq.). He also dissected Chlorophonia, and found the stomach to have the 

 same peculiarities as Euphonia. Several other genera and several species of Tanagridse 

 were also examined, in which the gizzard proved to be of the normal structure. 



The species of Euphonia have all very similar habits. They fly little, but congregate 

 in considerable numbers in fruit-bearing trees, a species of Ficus in Guatemala being 

 a very favourite resort. Here they remain most of the day, eating incessantly. 



As the name implies, Euphonies are said to possess considerable powers of song. 

 Whether from having met with them out of the breeding-season, and when they were 

 too busy eating to sing, we never heard much of their notes. 



A, Pileus coeruleus. 



1. Euphonia elegantissima. ' 



Pipra elegantissima, Bp. P. Z. S. 1837;, p. 112 \ 



Euphonia elegantissima, DuBus, Esq. Orn. t. 8 ' ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, pp. 272 ", 303 * ; 1858, p. 303 ' ; 

 1859, pp. 364 ^ 378'; 1864, p. 173^; Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 16'; Cab. J. f. Orn. 1860, 

 p. 331"; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. H. ix. p. 98"; Duges, La Nat. i. p. 140"; Sumichrast, 

 Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 550 " ; v. Frantz. J. f . Orn. 1869, p. 297 " ; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, 

 p. 185 ". 



Euphone tibicen, Lieht. Preis Verz. Mex., Vog. p. 2 (cf. J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 56)". 



Euphonia coslestis, Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 42 ". 



Pipra galericulata, Giraud, B. Texas, No. 10, t. 5. f. 2 ". 



Purpurasoente nigra ; pileo et nucha caeruleis, fronte saturate castanea, postico nigro marginato ; loris, genis et 

 gula nigris, corpore reliquo subtus castaneo, pectore saturatiore ; alls extus nigris, intus albidis, subalaribus 

 flavis, Cauda nigra immaoulata ; rostro nigro, pedibus corylinis. Long, tota 4-3, alse 2-7, caudse 1-6, rostri 

 a rictu 0-4, tarsi 0'55. (Descr. maris ex Oaxaca, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 



5 olivacea ; pileo et nucha cseruleis, fronte sicut in mare, subtus cum genis olivaceo-flavida, gula fulvo tincta. 

 (Descr. feminae ex Calovevora, Panama. Mus. nostr.) 



Hah. North America, Texas (?) i8._Mexico ^ ^\ Guanajuato [Bugh i2), valley of Mexico 

 {White ^, le Strange), hot, temperate, and alpine regions of Vera Cruz (^S'Mm^- 

 cAras^ is)^ Jalapa {Deppe^\ de Oca% La Parada^ and JuqaWa,'' (Boucard), San 

 Pedro (DuBus^), Oaxaca (Fenochio) ; Guatemala, Cuyotenango, above Antigua, 

 Calderas, Santa Barbara in Vera Paz, Coban, Choctum {0. S. & F. B. G.); Costa 



